Evolution

Step 1: S.L. Miller conducted an experiment in 1953 to demonstrate the chemical origin of life.
Step 2: He used a closed flask with gases resembling early Earth's atmosphere: methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen (H2), and water vapour.
Step 3: These gases were heated and subjected to electric sparks to simulate lightning.
Step 4: The temperature used was around 800°C (not 1800°C as mentioned in option B, so technically none are fully correct, but B has the correct gas mixture).
Step 5: Organic compounds like amino acids were formed.

The Tyrannosaurus rex (T. rex) was a large carnivorous dinosaur known for its massive size (up to 20 feet tall) and fearsome dagger-like teeth.
It was a top predator in its ecosystem.
Other options:
- Triceratops – herbivorous with three horns.
- Pteranodon – flying reptile, not a dinosaur.
- Stegosaurus – herbivore with bony plates.

Karl Ernst von Baer, a German scientist, proposed that:
“The embryo of a higher form never resembles any other form, but only its own embryonic form.”
This was in direct contradiction to Ernst Haeckel’s idea of "ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny."
Von Baer’s laws emphasize that embryos develop from general to specific features and never pass through the adult forms of other species.

Karl Ernst von Baer, a pioneer in embryology, formulated Baer’s Law.
He proposed that the embryo of a species does not pass through the adult stages of other species, contradicting Haeckel’s theory of recapitulation.
Baer emphasized that embryos of different species resemble each other in early development but diverge as they grow.

Step 1: Ramapithecus} is considered one of the earliest ancestors in the human evolutionary tree.
Step 2: It lived around 12–14 million years ago.
Step 3: Fossils show primitive jaw and teeth structure similar to hominids.
Step 4: It predates Australopithecus} and Homo habilis}.