Buddhism

Step 1: Mahābhiṣikramana.
Buddha kā dharm-yātrā śurū hotā hai jab Siddhārtha Gautama ne gṛhasth jīvan tyāg kar saṁnyās liyā. Isse Mahābhiṣikramana kahā jātā hai. Yahī dharmānveṣaṇ kī pratham ghaṭanā thī.
Step 2: Enlightenment of Buddha.
Bauddhadharma kī doosrī sabse mahatvapūrṇ ghaṭanā hai Bodh Gayā meṁ bodhi-vṛkṣa ke niche gahan tapas karke prajñā prāpti. Yahān se ve “Buddha” bane.
Step 3: First sermon in Ṛṣipatana.
Bodhi prāpti ke baad Buddha ne Ṛṣipatana (Sārnāth) meṁ pañc bhikṣuoṁ ko pratham dharmacakrapravartan sūtra sunāyā. Yah dharm-pravartan kā ārambh thā.
Step 4: First council.
Buddha ke parinirvāṇa ke turant bād Rājagṛha meṁ pratham saṅgīti āyojit huī. Ismeṁ upadeś aur vinaya ko saṅgrahit kiyā gayā.
Step 5: Spread to Śrī Laṅkā.
Maurya samrāṭ Aśoka ke samay Mahinda aur Saṅghamittā ke dvārā Bauddhadharma Śrī Laṅkā pahunchā. Yah evolution kī antim ghaṭanā hai.
Step 6: Conclusion.
Kram hai: (B) Mahābhiṣikramana → (D) Enlightenment → (C) First sermon → (A) First council → (E) Śrī Laṅkā.

Step 1: About Mahāsāṅghikas.
Mahāsāṅghika ek prācīn Bauddha nikāya thā jo Theravāda ke viparīt zyada liberal aur inclusive māne jātā thā.
Unke siddhānt ne Buddha kī asādhāraṇ śaktiyoṁ aur divya svarūp ko bahut mahatva diyā.
Step 2: Concept of “Lokottara”.
Mahāsāṅghika ke anusar Buddha ko keval mānava nahīṁ balki “Lokottara” arthāt lok-se ūpar mānā gayā.
Unke liye Buddha ek divya tattva the, jo sabhī prāṇiyoṁ ke hit ke lie prakaṭ hue.
Step 3: Acceptability.
Yeh siddhānt ki Buddha Lokottara hai, anek nikāyoṁ meṁ svīkāra pāyā kyunki Buddha ko keval “uttama mānava” mānane se unke śāstra aur śaktiyoṁ kā pūra samarthan nahīṁ hotā thā.
Step 4: Analysis of options.
(1) Condemnation of ignorance: Sāmānya siddhānt hai, Mahāsāṅghika viśeṣa siddhānt nahīṁ.
(2) Buddha is Lokottara: Bilkul sahi, yah unki mukhya aur viśiṣṭa vāda thā.
(3) Buddha was only best human: Galat, yah Theravāda vāda ke nikat hai.
(4) Cessation of Suffering: Sāmānya Bauddha vāda hai, Mahāsāṅghika ke lie viśeṣ nahīṁ.
Step 5: Conclusion.
Is prashn kā sahi uttar hai—Buddha ko Lokottara mānnā.

Step 1: Context.
The concept of ‘Mahāsukha’ (Great Bliss) is central to Tantric and esoteric Buddhist traditions.
Step 2: Tradition.
It is specifically described in the Vajrayāna school, which emphasizes mystical practices, mantras, mudrās, and meditation aimed at attaining enlightenment through bliss and wisdom union.
Step 3: Analysis of options.
- (1) Theravāda: Focuses on early teachings, not on Mahāsukha.
- (2) Sarvāstivāda: An early Buddhist school, no concept of Mahāsukha.
- (3) Vajrayāna: Correct, Mahāsukha is a Tantric Buddhist idea.
- (4) Hīnayāna: A collective term for early Buddhist schools, no mention of Mahāsukha.
Step 4: Conclusion.
Thus, Mahāsukha is described in the **Vajrayāna tradition**.