Production Of Biomass

Step 1: Evaluate statement I.
In eukaryotes, photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts, while breakdown of glucose (respiration) occurs partly in the cytoplasm (glycolysis) and partly in the mitochondria (Krebs cycle, ETC). Thus, statement I is correct.
Step 2: Evaluate statement II.
Prokaryotes do not have chloroplasts. Photosynthesis in prokaryotes (like cyanobacteria) occurs in specialized membranes, not in chloroplasts. So statement II is incorrect.
Step 3: Evaluate statement III.
Glycolysis occurs in all living organisms. It partially oxidizes glucose to pyruvate without oxygen. This is a universal pathway. Hence, statement III is correct.
Step 4: Evaluate statement IV.
Glycolysis refers specifically to the breakdown of glucose, not glycerol. Glycerol metabolism follows a different pathway. Thus, statement IV is incorrect. Therefore, the correct choice is (I and III). Final Answer:

Step 1: Write the balanced equation for microbial growth. The general stoichiometric equation for microbial growth is: The yield coefficient represents the amount of biomass produced per unit of substrate consumed. In this case, the yield coefficient for glucose is given as g of biomass per g of glucose consumed. Step 2: Calculate the amount of carbon in the biomass. The bacterial formula is . The molecular weight of biomass is 113 g/mole. The amount of carbon in one mole of bacteria is 5 moles of carbon (since ). Step 3: Calculate the total carbon in glucose. The molecular weight of glucose is 180 g/mole. The amount of carbon in one mole of glucose is 6 moles of carbon (since in glucose). Step 4: Set up the mass balance. We assume that 1 mole of glucose (180 g) is consumed. The biomass produced will have a yield of g of biomass per 1 g of glucose. Therefore, the amount of biomass produced is: The biomass consists of 5 moles of carbon per mole of biomass. So, the amount of carbon in the biomass is: Step 5: Calculate the carbon going into CO2. The remaining carbon will go into CO2. The carbon balance is as follows: The total carbon in glucose is: Now calculate the percentage of carbon going into CO2. Step 6: Conclusion. The percentage of carbon going into CO2 from 1 mole/L glucose is approximately:

Step 1: Write the balanced equation for microbial growth.
The general stoichiometric equation for microbial growth is: The yield coefficient represents the amount of biomass produced per unit of substrate consumed. In this case, the yield coefficient for glucose is given as g of biomass per g of glucose consumed.
Step 2: Calculate the amount of carbon in the biomass.
The bacterial formula is . The molecular weight of biomass is 113 g/mole. The amount of carbon in one mole of bacteria is 5 moles of carbon (since ).
Step 3: Calculate the total carbon in glucose.
The molecular weight of glucose is 180 g/mole. The amount of carbon in one mole of glucose is 6 moles of carbon (since in glucose).
Step 4: Set up the mass balance.
We assume that 1 mole of glucose (180 g) is consumed. The biomass produced will have a yield of g of biomass per 1 g of glucose. Therefore, the amount of biomass produced is:
The biomass consists of 5 moles of carbon per mole of biomass. So, the amount of carbon in the biomass is:
Step 5: Calculate the carbon going into CO2.
The remaining carbon will go into CO2. The carbon balance is as follows:
The total carbon in glucose is:
Now calculate the percentage of carbon going into CO2.
Step 6: Conclusion.
The percentage of carbon going into CO2 from 1 mole/L glucose is approximately: