Reproduction In Organisms

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Asexual reproduction involves a single parent producing offspring that are genetically identical. Different organisms use different methods.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
(i) Budding: A new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular site. Yeast and Hydra reproduce this way.
(ii) Regeneration: If the organism is cut into pieces, each piece can grow into a complete organism. Planaria has high regenerative capacity.
(iii) Binary Fission: The parent cell divides into two equal halves. Leishmania (which causes Kala-azar) and Amoeba reproduce by binary fission.
(iv) Multiple Fission: The nucleus divides many times, followed by cytoplasmic division, producing many daughter cells simultaneously. Plasmodium (the malaria parasite) undergoes multiple fission.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct matching is: (i) Budding Yeast, (ii) Regeneration Planaria, (iii) Binary fission Leishmania, (iv) Multiple fission Plasmodium.