The communication protocol standard used to access web-based information is the HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol). HTTP is an application-layer protocol that facilitates communication between clients (usually web browsers) and servers on the World Wide Web.
HTTP: It is the foundation of any data exchange on the Web. It allows clients to request resources (like HTML documents, images, videos, etc.) from servers and receive responses.
How it Works: HTTP works through a request-response model. A client sends an HTTP request to a server, and the server sends back an HTTP response with the requested data. This is usually done over TCP/IP.
Stateless Protocol: HTTP is considered a stateless protocol, which means each request is independent and does not rely on previous requests. However, technologies like cookies and sessions can maintain state for users across requests.
HTTP Methods: Some common HTTP methods include:
\texttt{GET}: Used to request data from a server.
\texttt{POST}: Used to send data to a server.
\texttt{PUT}: Used to update data on a server.
\texttt{DELETE}: Used to delete data on a server.
HTTPS: HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure) is an extension of HTTP that adds a layer of security by using SSL/TLS encryption. HTTPS ensures that communication between the client and server is encrypted, preventing eavesdropping and tampering.