Index Numbers

Concept: Index numbers are statistical measures that show changes in economic variables such as prices, production, wages, and cost of living over time.
Reason for being called "Economic Barometers": Index numbers are called economic barometers because they indicate the overall condition and direction of an economy, similar to how a barometer indicates weather changes.
Explanation:

They measure economic trends such as inflation and deflation.
Price index numbers (e.g., CPI, WPI) reflect changes in the cost of living.
Production index numbers indicate industrial growth or decline.
Help track purchasing power of money.
Assist governments in policy-making and economic planning.

Examples:

Consumer Price Index (CPI) → Measures inflation
Wholesale Price Index (WPI) → Indicates price trends
Industrial Production Index → Shows industrial growth

Conclusion: Since index numbers provide a quick and reliable picture of economic conditions and trends, they are known as
economic barometers.