Visual Perception

To solve the problem, we need to analyze the assertion and reason related to the development of male ants and the sex determination of offspring.

1. Understanding the Assertion and Reason:

Assertion (A): Male ants are developed by parthenogenesis from unfertilized eggs. Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction where offspring develop from an unfertilized egg. Male ants, in many species, are indeed produced by this method.

Reason (R): The sex of offspring depends on the type of sperm that fertilizes the ovum. This statement is true for many species, but not for ants, as ants use parthenogenesis for producing males. The sex determination in ants involves a different mechanism, where fertilized eggs result in females and unfertilized eggs result in males, without the need for sperm for the males.

2. Analyzing the Truth of the Statements:
- The assertion is true, as male ants do indeed develop from unfertilized eggs through parthenogenesis.
- The reason is false in the context of ants. While the statement is true for many animals where the sperm determines the sex, ants have a different mechanism for sex determination. In ants, males develop from unfertilized eggs, and females develop from fertilized eggs, so sperm is not responsible for the male offspring in ants.

3. Conclusion:
Based on the analysis, the correct answer is:

Final Answer:
The correct option is (C) A is true. But R is false.

Uricotelism refers to the excretion of nitrogenous waste as uric acid, which is less toxic and more water-conserving.
Reptiles and birds adopt this method to conserve water, particularly in arid environments.
Thus, both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion.
Final Answer:
A and R are true. R is the correct explanation for A.

The type of pseudopodia present in Euglypha is Filopodia. Filopodia are slender, tapering extensions of the cytoplasm and are used for locomotion and feeding. They are a common type of pseudopodium in various protists, including Euglypha.

Options:

Thus, Option (C) is the correct answer.

Step 1: Focus of Light on the Retina.
Light rays entering the eye are first focused on the retina, where they initiate the visual process.
Step 2: Photochemical Reaction in Photoreceptors.
The energy from light causes the retinal to dissociate from opsin, a process occurring in the photoreceptor cells.
Step 3: Biochemical Changes in the Cell.
The dissociation leads to changes in the permeability of the photoreceptor cell membrane, which in turn triggers electrical changes.
Step 4: Transmission of Nerve Impulses.
These electrical changes generate nerve impulses which are then transmitted to the visual cortex of the brain.
Step 5: Processing of Visual Information.
Finally, these impulses are analyzed in the visual cortex, leading to visual perception.

Let's examine the diseases and their causative organisms:

• Filariasis (A): The causative organism for filariasis is Wuchereria bancrofti, which is a parasitic worm. This is a correct match for I.
• Malaria (B): The causative organism for malaria is Plasmodium vivax, which is a protozoan parasite. This is a correct match for III.
• Amoebiasis (C): The causative organism for amoebiasis is Entamoeba histolytica, which is a protozoan parasite. This is a correct match for IV.
• Pneumonia (D): The causative organism for pneumonia is Haemophilus influenzae, which is a bacterium. This is a correct match for II.

Thus, the correct matches are:

Therefore, the correct option is Option (3).