Raga

Purvikalyani is a well-known pratimadhyama janya raga derived from the 53rd Melakarta, Gamanashrama, not Kamavardhani.

Statement i: Correct – It uses prati madhyamam (M2).
Statement ii: Incorrect – The Arohana of Purvikalyani is linear: S R1 G3 M2 P D1 N3 S; there is no vakra in the ascent.
Statement iii: Correct – It uses Kaisiki Nishada (N3).
Statement iv: Incorrect – Purvikalyani is not derived from Kamavardhani (which is the 51st Melakarta), but from Gamanashrama (53rd).
Hence, the correct pair of statements is (i) and (iii).

In the Melakarta system of Carnatic music, there are 72 parent ragas, each assigned a number. The 56th Melakarta raga is:
Shanmukhapriya – it is the 56th Melakarta according to the Katapayadi formula used for numbering.
Arohanam (ascending): S R2 G2 M2 P D1 N2 S
Avarohanam (descending): S N2 D1 P M2 G2 R2 S
This raga uses the prati madhyamam (M2) and belongs to the 10th chakra called “Disi.”

Explanation of Other Options:

(A) Saveri: A janya raga (derived), not a Melakarta.
(B) Keeravani: 21st Melakarta raga.
(D) Todi: 8th Melakarta raga.
Thus, the correct answer is option (C).