Irrigation Engineering

Step 1: Recall formula for discharge.
where, depth of water (m), area (m ), time (s).

Step 2: Convert values.
Area = .
Depth = .
Time = .

Step 3: Substitute in formula.

Step 4: Conclusion.
Thus, the required discharge capacity is .

Step 1: Understand causes of water logging.
Water logging occurs when excess water accumulates in the soil, raising the water table and reducing aeration.

Step 2: Analyze each option.
- (A) Inadequate drainage facilities: True, as poor drainage causes accumulation of water.
- (B) Over irrigation: True, applying more water than required raises the water table.
- (C) Presence of permeable strata: True, as water percolates downward and accumulates in subsurface.
- (D) Seepage of water through canals: True, contributes to water logging in nearby areas.

Step 3: Conclusion.
All four factors contribute Correct answer is (3).