Police Administration

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question requires differentiating between Central police/investigative agencies and units that are part of a State Police force. 'Police' is a State subject under the Indian Constitution.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's examine each option:

(A) CBI (Central Bureau of Investigation): This is the premier investigating agency of the Central Government of India.
(B) CRPF (Central Reserve Police Force): This is one of the Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs) under the authority of the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. It assists State/UT police in maintaining law and order.
(C) Prohibition Enforcement Wing (PEW): This is a specialized unit within a State Police force. For example, states like Bihar and Tamil Nadu have a PEW specifically to enforce laws related to the prohibition of liquor. Since 'Prohibition' laws are made by states, their enforcement is a state police function.
(D) CISF (Central Industrial Security Force): This is another CAPF responsible for providing security cover to industrial units, government infrastructure projects, and facilities located all over India.
Step 3: Final Answer:
CBI, CRPF, and CISF are central agencies. The Prohibition Enforcement Wing is a specialized unit that operates as part of a State Police force.

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Police-Public Relations are crucial for effective and democratic policing. The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) and various police reform committees have issued guidelines to improve this relationship by fostering trust, transparency, and cooperation.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's evaluate each option in the context of standard police practices and guidelines:

(A) Giving absolute authority to local people for crime investigation: This is fundamentally incorrect and illegal. Crime investigation is a statutory duty and power vested exclusively in the police under the Code of Criminal Procedure. While public cooperation is vital, giving them "absolute authority" would lead to anarchy and is not a recommended or applicable guideline.
(B) Providing a toll-free telephone number for the public: This is a standard measure to make the police more accessible to the public for reporting crimes and emergencies.
(C) Developing systems for transparency: Measures like online FIR filing, status tracking, and public display of information are key recommendations to enhance transparency and accountability.
(D) Monthly meeting of the SHO with the public: This is a key component of community policing, aimed at building trust, gathering local intelligence, and resolving minor issues at the local level.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Giving absolute authority to the public for investigation is contrary to the rule of law and is not a valid guideline for police-public relations. Therefore, it is the correct answer for what is "not applicable."

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question asks for the full form of the acronym BPRD, which represents a national-level organization related to police forces in India.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
BPRD is a key institution under the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India.

The correct and full name is the Bureau of Police Research & Development.
It was established in 1970 with the primary objective of modernization of police forces in India.
Its functions include conducting research on policing issues, developing new equipment and methodologies, promoting the use of science and technology in police work, and overseeing training standards.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct expansion of the acronym BPRD is Bureau of Police Research & Development.

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question tests knowledge of the hierarchical rank structure within the Indian police force, specifically in the state police services.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's arrange the given ranks in ascending order (lowest to highest):

B. Constable (PC): This is the lowest rank in the Indian Police, forming the backbone of the force.
C. Assistant Sub-Inspector (ASI): This rank is above a Head Constable and below a Sub-Inspector. It is the first investigative rank in some states.
A. Deputy Superintendent of Police (DSP/DySP): This is a state police service officer rank. It is a gazetted rank, significantly higher than an ASI. A DSP is typically in charge of a police sub-division.
D. Additional Superintendent of Police (Addl. SP): This rank is senior to a DSP and junior to the Superintendent of Police (SP). An Addl. SP often assists the SP in managing a district.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct order from lowest to highest rank is:
Constable (B) Assistant Sub-Inspector (C) Deputy Superintendent of Police (A) Additional Superintendent of Police (D).
This corresponds to the sequence B, C, A, D.

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question requires arranging the major committees and commissions on police and criminal justice system reforms in India in chronological order of their establishment.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's identify the establishment year for each body:

C. National Police Commission: It was appointed by the Government of India in 1977 to report on policing and give recommendations for reform. It submitted its reports between 1979 and 1981.
B. Ribeiro Commission: The Supreme Court of India, in the case of Prakash Singh & Ors v. Union of India, directed the constitution of a committee to review the recommendations of previous commissions. The Ribeiro Committee was thus set up in 1998.
A. Padmanabhaiah Committee: The Government of India appointed the Padmanabhaiah Committee on Police Reforms in 2000 to study the recruitment, training, and other aspects of the police force.
D. Malimath Committee: The Committee on Reforms of the Criminal Justice System was constituted in 2000 under the chairmanship of Justice V.S. Malimath. It submitted its report in 2003, covering a wide range of issues including police reforms.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Arranging them from the earliest to the latest:
1. National Police Commission (1977) C
2. Ribeiro Commission (1998) B
3. Padmanabhaiah Committee (2000) A
4. Malimath Committee (2000) D
The correct chronological order is C, B, A, D.

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The Second Administrative Reforms Commission (ARC), headed by Veerappa Moily, was constituted in 2005 to prepare a detailed blueprint for revamping the public administration system. Its fifth report, titled "Public Order," dealt extensively with police reforms.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's analyze the aspects mentioned in the options:

(A) Absolute authority of the police: No democratic reform commission would recommend this. The ARC focused on making the police more accountable, not giving them absolute authority.
(B) Political control over police: The ARC, like most police reform bodies, recommended insulating the police from illegitimate political interference, not strengthening political control. It suggested establishing State Police Commissions to ensure this.
(C) Strengthening community policing: This was a major theme of the report. The ARC emphasized that police should function as a service that is accountable to the community. It recommended various measures to bridge the gap between the police and the public, making policing more cooperative and community-oriented.
(D) Increased funding for prisons: While important, this falls under prison reforms. The ARC's "Public Order" report was primarily focused on police reforms, with its main thrust being on accountability, performance, and the police-public interface.
Step 3: Final Answer:
A key emphasis of the Second ARC's report on Public Order was to make policing more citizen-centric, which includes the strengthening of community policing.