Digital To Analog Converters

Step 1: Understanding the DAC.
The DAC converts a digital input to an analog voltage output. The digital input for a 4-bit DAC can range from to , and the corresponding voltage is calculated based on the reference voltage and the resistors in the circuit.

Step 2: Calculating the output voltage.
For a 4-bit DAC, the output voltage is given by the formula: where is the decimal equivalent of the binary input. For the input 1101, the decimal equivalent is:

Step 3: Substituting the values.
Now, substitute the values into the formula: Thus, the output voltage is , so the correct answer is (1).