Mughal School Of Miniature Painting

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The Mughal School of painting was founded by masters who were brought from Persia. The question asks to identify these founding Persian artists from the given list.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
(A) Mir Sayyid Ali: He was a master of the Safavid school of painting in Persia. He was invited by the Mughal emperor Humayun to join his court and was one of the founders of the Mughal atelier.
(B) Bihzad: Kamal-ud-din Bihzad was a legendary master of Persian painting from the late Timurid and early Safavid periods. While his style was immensely influential on Mughal art, he himself never worked at the Mughal court.
(C) Sahibdin: He was a master Indian artist of the Rajasthani School, specifically the Mewar school, during the 17th century. He was not a Persian artist at the Mughal court.
(D) Abd Us Samad: He was the other great Persian master, alongside Mir Sayyid Ali, who was brought to India by Humayun. He played a crucial role in establishing the imperial Mughal workshop.

Step 4: Final Answer:
The Persian artists who were instrumental in founding the Mughal court atelier were Mir Sayyid Ali and Abd Us Samad. Therefore, the correct option is (A) and (D) only.

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question asks about the primary characteristics of painting during the reign of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The reign of Shah Jahan marked a shift in Mughal artistic patronage from the dynamic naturalism of Jahangir's time to a more formal, opulent, and idealized style. While architecture (like the Taj Mahal) was his primary focus, painting also developed distinct characteristics. The art of this period moved away from depicting energetic action scenes (like conquests or hunts) and focused on creating an aura of imperial grandeur and perfection.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The art of Shah Jahan's period concentrated on subliminal qualities and exalted beautification.

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question asks to identify the two seminal Persian artists who accompanied the Mughal emperor Humayun on his return to India from exile. These artists are credited with laying the foundation of the Mughal School of painting.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
After being defeated by Sher Shah Suri, the Mughal emperor Humayun took refuge in Persia at the court of Shah Tahmasp. During his exile, he was exposed to the refined art of Persian miniature painting. When he regained his throne in Delhi in 1555, he invited two of the most brilliant Persian masters from the royal workshop to join his court. These two artists were Mir Sayyid Ali and Abd us Samad. They became the heads of the imperial art studio and trained a new generation of Indian artists, blending Persian techniques with Indian sensibilities to create the unique Mughal style.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The two master artists who came to India with Humayun were Mir Sayyid Ali and Abd us Samad.