Indian National Movement

Step 1: Early leaders of the Indian National Congress.
The Indian National Congress was established in 1885 and its early phase was dominated by moderate leaders who believed in constitutional methods and dialogue with the British government to achieve reforms.
Step 2: The second session of the Congress.
The second session of the Indian National Congress was held in 1886 at Calcutta. This session was presided over by Dadabhai Naoroji, one of the prominent moderate leaders of the early nationalist movement.
Step 3: Contribution of Dadabhai Naoroji.
Dadabhai Naoroji is often called the Grand Old Man of India. He also developed the famous Drain Theory, which explained how British rule was draining wealth from India to Britain.
Step 4: Conclusion.
Therefore, the early nationalist leader who presided over the second session of the Indian National Congress was Dadabhai Naoroji.
Final Answer: Dadabhai Naoroji.

Step 1: Establishment of the Muslim League.
The All-India Muslim League was established in 1906 at Dhaka. It was formed to represent the political rights and interests of Muslims in India and later became an important political organization during the freedom struggle.
Step 2: The Surat Split.
The Surat Split took place in 1907 during the session of the Indian National Congress at Surat. The Congress divided into two groups: the Moderates and the Extremists, due to disagreements over methods of achieving independence.
Step 3: The Lucknow Pact.
The Lucknow Pact was signed in 1916 between the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League. It represented a significant moment of Hindu–Muslim unity during the freedom struggle and demanded greater self-government for India.
Step 4: Chronological order.
Since the Muslim League was established in 1906, the Surat Split occurred in 1907, and the Lucknow Pact was signed in 1916, the correct chronological order is:
Final Answer: 3-2-1.