International Relations

Step 1: Understanding the Second World War.
The Second World War lasted from 1939 to 1945 and involved many major countries around the world. It resulted in significant political, economic, and social changes globally.
Step 2: Major consequences of the war.
After the war, the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan) were defeated. The war also led to the creation of the United Nations in 1945 to maintain international peace and security. Another major consequence was the beginning of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union.
Step 3: Formation of the League of Nations.
The League of Nations was not a result of the Second World War. It was formed after the First World War in 1920 to promote international cooperation and peace.
Step 4: Conclusion.
Therefore, the formation of the League of Nations is not a consequence of the Second World War.
Final Answer: Formation of the League of Nations.

Step 1: Understanding Subsidiary Alliance.
The Subsidiary Alliance was a political system introduced by the British to expand their influence over Indian princely states. Under this system, Indian rulers accepted British troops within their territory and agreed to follow British guidance in foreign affairs.
Step 2: Role of Lord Wellesley.
Lord Wellesley, who served as Governor-General of India from 1798 to 1805, introduced the Subsidiary Alliance system. Through this policy, many Indian states came under British control without direct annexation.
Step 3: Analysis of other options.

• (A) Doctrine of Lapse -- Lord Canning: Incorrect. The Doctrine of Lapse was introduced by Lord Dalhousie.
  
• (B) Subsidiary Alliance -- Lord Wellesley: Correct. This policy was implemented by Lord Wellesley.
  
• (C) Arms Act -- Lord Curzon: Incorrect. The Arms Act was passed during the time of Lord Lytton.
  
• (D) Vernacular Press Act -- Lord Dalhousie: Incorrect. The Vernacular Press Act was introduced by Lord Lytton in 1878.
  

Step 4: Conclusion.
Thus, the correctly matched pair is Subsidiary Alliance -- Lord Wellesley.
Final Answer: Subsidiary Alliance -- Lord Wellesley.

Step 1: Identifying the marked region.
The map in the question marks Awadh (Oudh) in northern India. Awadh was an important princely state during the British colonial period and had close political relations with the East India Company.
Step 2: British expansion policies.
The British used several policies to expand their control in India, such as the Doctrine of Lapse, Subsidiary Alliance, annexation through wars, and annexation on the pretext of misgovernance. These policies allowed the British to gradually take control of many Indian states.
Step 3: Annexation of Awadh.
Awadh was annexed by the British in 1856 by Governor-General Lord Dalhousie. The British claimed that the administration of Awadh was inefficient and corrupt, and they used the pretext of misgovernance to justify its annexation.
Step 4: Conclusion.
Since Awadh was annexed by the British citing poor governance as the reason, the correct policy of expansion used in this case was the pretext of misgovernance.
Final Answer: Pretext of misgovernance.

Step 1: Understanding the Triple Entente.
The Triple Entente was an alliance formed before World War I between three major European powers: France, Russia, and Britain (England). This alliance was created to counter the growing influence of the Triple Alliance consisting of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.
Step 2: Members of the alliance.
France, Russia, and England were the core members of the Triple Entente. These countries cooperated politically and militarily during World War I.
Step 3: Identifying the odd one out.
Japan was not a member of the Triple Entente. Although Japan later joined the Allied Powers during World War I, it was not one of the original signatories of the Triple Entente alliance.
Step 4: Conclusion.
Therefore, Japan is the odd one out among the given options.
Final Answer: Japan.

Step 1: Historical context.
After World War I, the Treaty of Versailles created the Polish Corridor, separating East Prussia from Germany and giving Poland access to the Baltic Sea. The city of Danzig (now Gdansk) became a major point of conflict between Germany and Poland.
Step 2: Hitler's expansionist policy.
Adolf Hitler aimed to expand German territory and reclaim areas lost after World War I. One of his goals was to capture the strategic port of Danzig and reunite German territories separated by the Polish Corridor.
Step 3: Propaganda justification.
Nazi Germany accused Poland of mistreating ethnic Germans living in Polish territory. These accusations were used as propaganda to justify Germany’s invasion of Poland in 1939.
Step 4: Conclusion.
Both statements are historically correct, and the reason explains the justification used by Hitler for attacking Poland.
Final Answer: Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).