Logarithms

Let , since Now, since , try values numerically. Only one solution found numerically satisfying all constraints.

So LHS always equals 1 ⇒ True for all such that defined. However, it’s only true when simplified properly: No contradiction means solving again shows valid at

Using properties of logarithms, the equation simplifies as follows:

The expression is , where is the base of the logarithm and the formula represents the rate of change with respect to .