Haloalkanes And Haloarenes

In reactions, the attack of nucleophile occurs from the back side on the carbon atom carrying the halogen. Therefore, presence of bulky substituents on or near this carbon atom tends to hinder the approach of the nucleophile to the a-carbon due to steric hindrance and thus makes the reaction difficult to occur. Thus, the reactivity in reactions follows the following order
.

is a primary halide and therefore undergoes reaction faster among the given.

Presence of deactivating group makes the nucleophilic aromatic sbstitution faster. Therefore, compound ,

is a organochlorine compound whose IUPAC is -di (p-chlorophenyl) -trichloroethane.

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where
Alkyl iodides are often prepared by alkyl chlorides/bromides by heating with in dry
acetone. This reaction is known as Finkelstein reaction. or thus formed is precipitated in dry acetone.