General Anthropology

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question tests knowledge of a key event in the history of science: the recognition of the discovery of the structure of DNA. It's important to distinguish the year of discovery from the year the Nobel Prize was awarded.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
- James Watson and Francis Crick published their famous paper proposing the double helix structure of DNA in the journal Nature in 1953. This is the year of the discovery.
- Their model was heavily reliant on the X-ray diffraction images of DNA produced by Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins at King's College London.
- The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded for this discovery in the year 1962.
- The prize was shared by James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins. Rosalind Franklin had passed away in 1958, and Nobel Prizes are not awarded posthumously.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The Nobel Prize for the discovery of the structure of DNA was awarded in 1962.

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question asks to identify the title of the influential book by Sir John Lubbock that helped popularize the term "prehistory" and establish a framework for its study.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Sir John Lubbock, an English banker, politician, naturalist, and archaeologist, was a key figure in 19th-century science. Influenced by Charles Darwin's work, Lubbock sought to apply evolutionary principles to human history.
In 1865, he published his seminal work titled "Pre-historic Times, as Illustrated by Ancient Remains, and the Manners and Customs of Modern Savages". This book became a standard textbook for prehistoric archaeology for decades. In it, Lubbock famously introduced the terms "Palaeolithic" (Old Stone Age) and "Neolithic" (New Stone Age) to subdivide the Stone Age.
The short title of this book is commonly referred to as "Prehistoric Times".
Step 3: Final Answer:
Comparing the options with the book's title, "Prehistoric times" is the correct choice.

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question asks to identify a specific qualitative research method. Qualitative methods focus on in-depth understanding of social phenomena. The key descriptors in the question are "intensive," "careful and complete study," and "of a person or an institution" (i.e., a single, bounded unit).
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
- Observation: This is a technique for gathering data by watching subjects. It can be part of many methods, but it isn't the method itself that is defined as an intensive study of a single unit.
- Case study: This method involves an in-depth, long-term examination of a single instance or event: a "case." A case can be a single person, a group, an institution, or a community. The goal is a detailed and holistic understanding. This definition perfectly matches the question's description.
- Ethnography: This is a broader method focused on describing an entire culture or social group. While it is intensive, its unit of analysis is typically a whole community or culture, not necessarily just one person or institution as a bounded case.
- Interview: This is a data collection tool used within many research methods (like case studies and ethnography) to gather information through conversation. It is not the overall research method itself.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The method that is defined as an intensive, careful, and complete study of a person, institution, or a single bounded system is the case study.