Leaching Of Contaminants Into Groundwater

Plant capacity used:

0.80%20%5Ctimes%2010%5C%2C%5Ctext%7BMLD%7D%20%3D%208%5C%2C%5Ctext%7BMLD%7D.

Flow rate in L/day:

8%5C%20%5Ctext%7BMLD%7D%20%3D%208%5Ctimes10%5E6%5C%20%5Ctext%7BL%2Fday%7D.

BOD removed:

(100%20-%2030)%5C%20%5Ctext%7Bmg%2FL%7D%20%3D%2070%5C%20%5Ctext%7Bmg%2FL%7D.

Mass of BOD removed per day:

70%5C%20%5Ctext%7Bmg%2FL%7D%20%5Ctimes%208%5Ctimes10%5E6%5C%20%5Ctext%7BL%2Fday%7D%20%3D%205.6%5Ctimes10%5E8%5C%20%5Ctext%7Bmg%2Fday%7D.

Convert mg → kg:

5.6%5Ctimes10%5E8%5C%20%5Ctext%7Bmg%7D%20%3D%20560%5C%20%5Ctext%7Bkg%7D.

Biomass yield: 0.5 g/g = 0.5 kg/kg.
Sludge production:

%5Ctext%7BSludge%7D%20%3D%200.5%20%5Ctimes%20560%20%3D%20280%5C%20%5Ctext%7Bkg%2Fday%7D.

%5Cboxed%7B280.0%5C%20%5Ctext%7Bkg%2Fday%7D%7D

Step 1: Average daily dose (non-carcinogenic).
Use $%5Ctext%7BADD%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7BC%5C%2C(%5Ctext%7Bmg%2FL%7D)%5Ctimes%20IR%5C%2C(%5Ctext%7BL%2Fd%7D)%5Ctimes%20EF%5C%2C(%5Ctext%7Bd%2Fy%7D)%5Ctimes%20ED%5C%2C(%5Ctext%7By%7D)%7D%7BBW%5C%2C(%5Ctext%7Bkg%7D)%5Ctimes%20AT%5C%2C(%5Ctext%7Bd%7D)%7D.$ For non-cancer, $AT%3DED%5Ctimes%20365$ and typically $EF%3D365$ , so $EF%5Ctimes%20ED%2FAT%3D1$ . Therefore, $%5Ctext%7BADD%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7BC%5Ctimes%20IR%7D%7BBW%7D.$ Plug values: $C%3D0.15$ mg/L, $IR%3D2$ L/d, $BW%3D65$ kg, hence $%5Ctext%7BADD%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B0.15%5Ctimes%202%7D%7B65%7D%3D0.004615%5C%20%5Ctext%7Bmg%2F(kg%20%5C(%20.%20%5C)%20d)%7D.$
Step 2: Hazard quotient.
$HQ%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Ctext%7BADD%7D%7D%7B%5Ctext%7BRfD%7D%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B0.004615%7D%7B0.200%7D%3D0.023075%5C%20%5CRightarrow%5C%20%5Cboxed%7B0.023%7D.$ (An HQ $%3C1$ indicates exposure below the reference threshold.) Final Answer: $%5Cfbox%7B0.023%7D$

High-Yield Trend

Chapter Questions
2 MCQs

Official Solution

Official Solution

Leaching Of Contaminants Into Groundwater

High-Yield Trend

Chapter Questions 2 MCQs

Official Solution

Official Solution

Chapter Questions
2 MCQs