Alcohols Phenols And Ethers

Step 1: Reaction of alcohols with sodium.
When alcohols react with sodium, they form alkoxide ions (RONa) and hydrogen gas (H ). The general reaction is:

Step 2: Conclusion.
The product of the reaction is , which corresponds to option (2).

Step 1: Understanding the reaction.
Anisole (methoxybenzene) reacts with concentrated H SO and HNO to undergo nitration, which substitutes a nitro group (-NO ) on the aromatic ring. The reaction typically gives a mixture of ortho and para products due to the electron-donating effect of the methoxy group.

Step 2: Conclusion.
The reaction yields a mixture of ortho and para products.