Oxidation And Reduction Reactions

Step 1: Understanding the reduction process.
Chloroform (CHCl₃) is reduced by zinc and water to give methane (CH₄), which involves the removal of chlorine atoms. Step 2: Analysis of options.
(A) Acetylene: This is incorrect; acetylene requires a different kind of reduction mechanism.
(B) Ethylene: This is incorrect; ethylene is not produced by this reaction.
(C) Methane: Correct — The reduction of chloroform with Zn and water results in methane.
(D) Ethane: This is incorrect; ethane is not produced in this reaction.
Step 3: Conclusion.
The correct answer is (C) because chloroform is reduced to methane by zinc and water.

Step 1: Definition of Rosenmund Reduction.
The Rosenmund reduction is a chemical reaction in which an acyl chloride is reduced to an aldehyde using hydrogen and a palladium catalyst poisoned with sulfur or quinoline. It is typically used to convert aryl acyl chlorides into the corresponding aldehydes.
Step 2: Example.
For example, benzoyl chloride ( ) is reduced to benzaldehyde ( ) using hydrogen gas in the presence of a poisoned palladium catalyst.