General Awareness

Munshi Premchand wrote the novels *Gora* and *Gaban*. However, *Chitra* and *Mahabhoj* were not written by him. *Chitra* was written by Rabindranath Tagore, and *Mahabhoj* was written by Dharamvir Bharati.
Thus, the correct answer is (A), (C), and (D) only.

Dr. B. R. Ambedkar edited the newspaper *Harijan*, which he used as a platform to promote the rights of Dalits and to challenge the caste system in India. *Harijan* was published by Ambedkar to further the social reforms he championed.

The phrase "Satyameva Jayate," meaning "Truth alone triumphs," was first said by Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru. It was later adopted as the national motto of India and is inscribed on the Indian national emblem.

H.J. Kania was the first Chief Justice of India. He took office on 26th January 1950, when the Supreme Court of India was established. He served as Chief Justice until 1951.

Shyam Benegal directed *Nishant*, *Mandi*, and *Bhuvan Shome*, but he did not direct *Katha*. *Katha* was directed by Subhash Ghai. Thus, the correct answer is (C) and (D) only.

Lala Hardayal was the founder of the Gadar Party in 1913, which was established in San Francisco. The Gadar Party was an Indian revolutionary organization aimed at overthrowing British colonial rule in India.

PNG is a file format used for storing images, not an example of Generative AI. ChatGPT and DALL-E are both examples of Generative AI, as they generate content based on input data. Siri, while an AI system, is more focused on voice assistance rather than content generation.

- *Bibi-Ka-Maqbara* is located in Aurangabad, Maharashtra.
- *Charminar* is located in Hyderabad, Telangana.
- *Hawa Mahal* is located in Jaipur, Rajasthan.
- *Safdarjung's Tomb* is located in Delhi.
Thus, the correct answer is (A), (C), and (D) only.

The correct sequence of the video editing workflow is:
- (A) Logging of Footage: Importing and organizing all video material.
- (B) Review: Reviewing the footage to decide what will be included.
- (C) Rough Cut: Assembling the initial version of the video.
- (D) Final Cut: The polished final version of the video.
Thus, the correct answer is (A), (B), (C), (D).

Tiger Woods (C) is associated with golf, and Michael Schumacher (D) is associated with Formula 1 racing, not lawn tennis. Therefore, the correct answer is (C) and (D).

The elements of a newspaper include the headline, byline, and lead. These elements are key to structuring the content of an article. However, a "Package" refers to a collection of related articles or multimedia content, not a standard element of a single newspaper article.
Thus, the correct answer is (4) Package.

*Udant Martand*, published in 1826, was the first Hindi newspaper. It is often referred to as the first newspaper in Hindi. It was founded by the renowned social reformer and journalist, Pt. Jugal Kishore Shukla.

'A Passage to India' is a novel written by E.M. Forster, first published in 1924. The novel is set against the backdrop of British colonial rule in India and explores themes of race, politics, and cultural conflict.

The 'Objective Resolution' was moved by Jawaharlal Nehru on December 13, 1946, in the Constituent Assembly of India. This resolution laid down the foundational principles that were later incorporated in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution.

Edward Bernays is widely regarded as the 'Father of Public Relations'. He was an influential figure in the development of public relations as a professional field and pioneered many of its techniques. Bernays' work emphasized the psychological aspects of persuasion and manipulation of public opinion.

The Mughal Age witnessed the largest expansion of agricultural land in Indian history. The Mughal rulers implemented significant reforms that increased the area under cultivation, with a focus on improving irrigation and land revenue systems.

Shri Nanaji Deshmukh was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2024. He was a social activist who dedicated his life to rural development and served as a mentor to many in the fields of education and social reform.
Thus, the correct answer is (3) Shri Nanaji Deshmukh.

Dnyaneshwar, a 13th-century saint and philosopher, is considered the founder of the 'Varkari' tradition in Maharashtra. His teachings, especially the commentary on the Bhagavad Gita, greatly influenced the Bhakti movement in Maharashtra.

SAIL (Steel Authority of India) and NMDC (National Mineral Development Corporation) are classified as Navratna PSU companies. These companies have been granted enhanced powers to take investment decisions, enabling them to function independently.

A jingle is a short, catchy tune or musical message used for advertising and branding purposes. Jingles are designed to be memorable and help reinforce a brand's identity through music.

The term 'Semiology' was coined by Ferdinand De Saussure, a Swiss linguist, in the early 20th century. He introduced it as the study of signs and symbols and their use or interpretation in communication.

The Aditya L-1 mission by ISRO is primarily focused on the comprehensive study of the Sun, particularly its outermost layer, the corona. The satellite aims to explore solar activities and their impact on space weather, which can affect satellite communications and navigation systems on Earth.

Lavani is a traditional folk dance form from Maharashtra, known for its energetic tempo and powerful rhythm. It is typically performed to the beats of the dholki and is often accompanied by songs that express emotions, social issues, and stories from mythology.

The formats associated with Radio are:
- (A) Interview
- (B) Phone-in
- (D) News Bulletin
AV (C) is typically associated with video, not radio.
Thus, the correct answer is (A), (B) and (D) only.

In print journalism, the main professionals include the editor, reporter, and columnist. A producer is typically associated with broadcast journalism or digital media rather than print journalism.
Thus, the correct answer is (4) Producer.

The term "Gutter Press" refers to tabloid newspapers known for sensationalism and often focusing on scandalous or lurid stories. These newspapers are typically considered to have low journalistic standards.
Thus, the correct answer is (1) Tabloid newspapers.

The Two Step-Flow Theory of Communication was propounded by Paul Lazarsfeld and Elihu Katz. This theory suggests that information flows from mass media to opinion leaders, and then to the broader public. It emphasizes the influence of interpersonal communication in shaping public opinion.
Thus, the correct answer is (1) Katz and Lazarsfeld.

The Satellite Instructional Television Experiment (SITE) was launched in 1975 in India. It was the world's first experiment of using satellite technology for educational purposes, aiming to provide educational content to rural and remote areas.

R. Pragganandha won the World Chess Championship in 2024. He is a rising star in the world of chess, known for his exceptional skills and rapid progress in international chess tournaments.
Thus, the correct answer is (1) R. Pragganandha.