Globalisation

Globalization refers to the process of increasing interaction and integration among countries through trade, investment, technology, and cultural exchange. It has several positive effects. Two important positive effects are:

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  Increase in Employment Opportunities: Globalization encourages foreign companies to invest in different countries. This leads to the establishment of new industries, factories, and service centers, which create more job opportunities for people. As a result, income levels improve and the standard of living rises.
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  Access to Better Technology and Goods: Through globalization, countries can access advanced technology, modern machinery, and high-quality products from other nations. Consumers benefit from a greater variety of goods at competitive prices. It also improves productivity and efficiency in various sectors such as agriculture, industry, and services.

Thus, globalization promotes economic growth, improves living standards, and enhances technological development across countries.

Step 1: Understanding Globalization.
Globalization refers to the increasing integration of economies, markets, cultures, and policies across the world. It involves reducing trade barriers and promoting free flow of goods, services, capital, and technology between countries.

Step 2: Role of Liberalization.
Liberalization means removal of government restrictions and regulations in the economy. It allows private participation, foreign investment, and free trade, which are key components of globalization.

Step 3: Analysis of the options.

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  (A) Liberalization: Correct. It directly supports and promotes globalization.
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  (B) Westernization: Incorrect. It relates to adopting Western culture, not necessarily economic integration.
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  (C) Urbanization: Incorrect. It refers to growth of cities.
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  (D) Secularization: Incorrect. It relates to separation of religion from state affairs.

Step 4: Conclusion.
Hence, Liberalization is the process closely related to globalization.

Final Answer:} Liberalization.