The Caste System

Separation and hierarchy are two important features of the caste system that determine the social structure of society.

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  Role of Separation: Separation refers to the social division of people into different caste groups with strict rules regarding interaction. Each caste maintains social distance from others. There are restrictions on marriage, food sharing, occupation, and social relations. People are generally expected to marry within their own caste (endogamy). This separation creates boundaries between different groups and limits social mobility.
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  Role of Hierarchy:
  Hierarchy refers to the ranking of castes in a graded order from higher to lower status. Some castes are considered superior, while others are treated as inferior. This ranking determines social status, occupation, privileges, and access to resources. The hierarchical structure leads to inequality, as higher castes enjoy more power and respect compared to lower castes.

Thus, separation maintains division among different caste groups, while hierarchy establishes inequality and ranking within society. Together, they shape the functioning of the caste system.

Separation and hierarchy are two important features of the caste system that determine the social structure of society.

• 
  Role of Separation: Separation refers to the social division of people into different caste groups with strict rules regarding interaction. Each caste maintains social distance from others. There are restrictions on marriage, food sharing, occupation, and social relations. People are generally expected to marry within their own caste (endogamy). This separation creates boundaries between different groups and limits social mobility.
• 
  Role of Hierarchy: Hierarchy refers to the ranking of castes in a graded order from higher to lower status. Some castes are considered superior, while others are treated as inferior. This ranking determines social status, occupation, privileges, and access to resources. The hierarchical structure leads to inequality, as higher castes enjoy more power and respect compared to lower castes.

Thus, separation maintains division among different caste groups, while hierarchy establishes inequality and ranking within society. Together, they shape the functioning of the caste system.

A tribe is a social group of people who live together in a particular geographical area and share common cultural, social, and economic features. The following are two important characteristics of a tribe:

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  Common Culture and Traditions:
  Members of a tribe share a common culture, language, customs, beliefs, and traditions. They follow similar religious practices, rituals, festivals, and social norms. This shared culture creates a strong sense of unity and identity among the tribal members.
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  Close Relationship with Nature:
  Tribal communities generally live in forests, hills, or remote areas and depend directly on nature for their livelihood. Activities such as hunting, gathering, fishing, and shifting cultivation are common among tribes. Their lifestyle is simple and closely connected to natural resources.

Thus, tribes are distinct social groups with unique cultural practices and a strong bond with their natural environment.