Logic Gates

Step 1: Let's analyze each logic gate:
- is the output of an AND gate with inputs and , so .
- is the output of a NOT gate with input , so .
- is the output of an OR gate with inputs , , and , so . Thus, , , and .

Step 1: The power radiated by an antenna is proportional to the square of the length and inversely proportional to the square of the wavelength. Thus, the ratio of the effective powers radiated is: Substitute the given ratios of lengths and wavelengths : Thus, the ratio of the effective powers radiated is .