Plant Anatomy

The cork cambium, also known as phellogen, produces the secondary cortex (phelloderm) towards the inside and cork (phellem) towards the outside. It plays a key role in the formation of the protective outer layer during secondary growth.
- Inter fascicular and intra fascicular cambium contribute to vascular cambium, not secondary cortex.

Pusha Jwala is a well-known variety of chilli cultivated for its high yield and pungency. It is popular in India for its quality and resistance to certain diseases.
- Garlic, carrot, and ginger are unrelated to the Pusha Jwala variety.

The red color in tomatoes is primarily due to the presence of lycopene, a carotenoid pigment. Lycopene is a powerful antioxidant and is responsible for the bright red color of ripe tomatoes.
- Anthocyanine is a pigment responsible for blue, purple, and red colors in some plants, but not tomatoes.
- Curcumein is related to turmeric color.
- Solanin is a toxic alkaloid found in nightshade plants.

The family Rhamnaceae includes the plant \textit{Ziziphus mauritiana}, commonly known as Ber or Indian plum. This family is characterized by shrubs and small trees often found in tropical and subtropical regions.
- Apple belongs to the family Rosaceae.
- Litchi is part of the Sapindaceae family.
- Pomegranate belongs to the family Lythraceae.

The pungency or spicy heat in chilli is caused by the chemical compound capsaicin. Capsaicin stimulates sensory neurons and produces the burning sensation characteristic of hot peppers.
- Capsin is incorrect spelling; the correct term is capsaicin.
- Oxalate and ascorbic acid do not contribute to pungency.

The botanical name of bitter gourd is \textit{Momordica charantia}. It is a tropical and subtropical vine widely grown for its edible fruit, which is known for its bitter taste.
- \textit{Cucumis melo} is the botanical name for muskmelon.
- \textit{Luffa cylindrica} is sponge gourd.
- \textit{Lagenaria siceraria} is bottle gourd.