**Subject:** Economy India's journey towards achieving **SDG 7** (Affordable and Clean Energy) has been marked by significant strides in expanding energy access while transitioning towards sustainable sources. The nation's commitment to energy transformation is evident through its comprehensive policy framework and implementation strategies. ## Progress in Energy Access and Affordability
- **Rural Electrification**: The **World Bank** reports that **99.2%** of rural India now has access to electricity, showcasing the success of initiatives like **Saubhagya Scheme** and **Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana**.
- **Energy Subsidies**: The government's commitment to affordable energy is reflected in the projected subsidy allocation of **Rs 4.1-4.2 lakh crore in FY25**, ensuring energy accessibility for vulnerable sections.
- **Last Mile Connectivity**: Implementation of **PM-KUSUM** scheme has enhanced energy access in agricultural sectors, promoting solar-powered pumps and grid-connected renewable energy. ## Sustainable Energy Transition
- **Solar Capacity Addition**: India achieved remarkable growth with **23.8 GW** of new solar capacity in FY25, marking a **58.5%** year-on-year increase through various segments: - **16.9 GW** from utility-scale projects. - **5.1 GW** from rooftop solar installations. - **1.8 GW** from off-grid solutions. ## Modern Energy Infrastructure
- **Renewable Energy Capacity**: The total installed renewable energy capacity has crossed **200 GW** as of October 2024, demonstrating progress towards the **500 GW** target by 2030.
- **Non-fossil Fuel Capacity**: Achievement of **214 GW** by November 2024 shows commitment to modern energy systems.
- **Green Hydrogen Mission**: Implementation of the **National Green Hydrogen Mission** positions India as a leader in future energy technologies. ## Challenges and Way Forward
- Need for enhanced grid infrastructure to accommodate renewable energy integration.
- Requirement of significant investment in energy storage solutions.
- Focus on energy efficiency through programs like **UJALA**. The transformation of India's energy landscape through initiatives like **Panchamrit** and commitment to achieve **Net-Zero by 2070** demonstrates a balanced approach towards meeting the **SDG 7** goals while ensuring energy security and sustainability. The success of programs like **PM-SURYA** and **National Solar Mission** provides a robust foundation for achieving the ambitious targets set for 2030.