Divisions Of Himalayas

The "U" turn made by the Brahmaputra River in its course to flow into India is primarily due to the geological phenomenon known as "syntaxial bending" of the geologically young Himalayas. Syntaxial bending refers to the bending or folding of rock layers that occurs as a result of the collision and convergence of tectonic plates. In the case of the Brahmaputra River, the collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian Plate has resulted in the uplift of the Himalayas and the bending of the river's course. The Brahmaputra River flows from Tibet into India, and as it encounters the geologically young Himalayas, it undergoes a sharp bend in its course, forming the characteristic "U" shape.

 **Pair 1 is correctly matched:** Dampa Tiger Reserve or Dampha Tiger Reserve, the largest wildlife sanctuary in Mizoram, India, was notified in 1985 and declared a Tiger Reserve in 1994. **Pair 2 is incorrectly matched:** Gumti Wildlife Sanctuary is in Tripura. **Pair 3 correctly matched:** Mt. Saramati is the highest peak in Nagaland.

**Statement 1 is incorrect:** The Himalayas stretch across several states in northern and northeastern India, including Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, and parts of Assam and West Bengal.  **Statement 2 is incorrect:** The Western Ghats encompass six states in western India Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra, and Gujarat.  **Statement 3 is correct:** Pulicat Lake is the second largest brackish water lagoon in India, situated on the Coromandel Coast. It is shared by Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Distribution: Roughly 84% of the lake lies in the Tirupati district (formerly Nellore) of Andhra Pradesh, and about 16% lies in the Tiruvallur district of Tamil Nadu.  Hence, option B is the correct answer.

Pair 1 is incorrectly matched: Namcha Barwa is located in the Arunachal Himalayas (Eastern Himalayas) in the Great Bend of the Brahmaputra River. The Garhwal Himalayas are located further west in Uttarakhand (e.g., Kamet, Trisul). Pair 2 is correctly matched: Nanda Devi is the highest peak in the Kumaon Himalayas (Uttarakhand). It is the second-highest mountain in India and the highest located entirely within the country. Pair 3 is incorrectly matched: Nokrek is the highest peak of the Garo Hills in Meghalaya. It is part of the Shillong Plateau/Meghalaya Plateau, not the Sikkim Himalayas.