Communal Award And Poona Pact

**Statement 1 is incorrect:** The Peasants and Workers Party of India was founded in 1947. The party was founded in Maharashtra by Tulsidas Jadhav, Keshavrao Jedhe, and others. **Statement 2 is correct:** All India Scheduled Castes Federation was founded by Dr. Ambedkar in 1942 to fight for the rights of the Dalit community. It was the successor organization of the Independent Labour Party led by Ambedkar. **Statement 3 is correct:** Established in 1936 by Ambedkar in Bombay. It contested the 1937 elections and performed strongly in Bombay Presidency.

In September 1932, Mahatma Gandhi began a fast unto death to protest British support of a new Indian Constitution that would incorporate the Communal Award . The Communal Award was made by the British prime minister Ramsay MacDonald on 16 August 1932, granting separate electorates in India for the Forward Caste, Scheduled Caste, Muslims, Buddhists, Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-Indians, Europeans, and Depressed Classes (now known as the Scheduled Caste) etc. After just six days, the British accepted an alternate proposal (Poona Pact) and he was able to break the fast.

Mahatma Gandhi made the upliftment of *Harijans* a central goal after opposing separate electorates for the Depressed Classes in the British Communal Award. After the **Poona Pact (1932)**, signed with **Dr. B.R. Ambedkar**, Gandhi **intensified efforts to eradicate untouchability**, forming the **Harijan Sevak Sangh** and launching the **'Harijan' journal**.