First World War And Nationalist Response

**Statement 1 is correct:** Annie Besant started the Home Rule Movement in 1916 in India, around the same time as Bal Gangadhar Tilak started his own Home Rule League. The movement sought self-government for India within the British Empire. **Statement 2 is incorrect:** The Theosophical Society was founded in 1875 in New York by Madame H.P. Blavatsky and Colonel H.S. Olcott. Annie Besant later became its prominent leader after it moved to Adyar (Madras), but she was not the founder. **Statement 3 is correct:** Annie Besant was elected as the President of the Indian National Congress in 1917 (Calcutta Session).

In 1920, the All India Home Rule League changed its name to Swarajya Sabha. This marked a significant shift towards the goal of achieving Swaraj (self-rule). Hindu Mahasabha: Founded by Madan Mohan Malaviya and others, it focused on issues related to Hindu identity and rights. South Indian Liberal Federation: Also known as the Justice Party, it was founded to represent the interests of non-Brahmins in Tamil Nadu. The Servants of India Society: Founded by Gopal Krishna Gokhale, it focused on social reform, education, and service to the nation.