Biological Classification

The main types of locomotory organs in Protozoa are pseudopodia (e.g., Amoeba), flagella (e.g., Euglena, Trypanosoma) and cilia (e.g., Paramecium) while parapodium are found in polychaete annelid worms.

Answer (a) Kala-azar

Answer (b) Methanogens

In Paramecium, micronucleus participates in conjugation (sexual exchange). During conjugation, the diploid micronucleus of each conjugant grows in size and then divides by meiosis producing haploid daughter micronuclei out of which degenerate and disappear in each conjugant while the remaining one divides by mitosis forming unequal pronuclei or gamete nuclei-migratory gamete nucleus (smaller) and stationary gamete nucleus (larger). The migratory gamete nucleus of one conjugant passes through the protoplasmic bridge into the other and fuses with the stationary nucleus forming diploid zygote nucleus (synkaryon). In each exconjugant, the zygote nucleus undergoes successive mitotic divisions producing nuclei, of which become macronuclei and micronuclei. Out of micronuclei, degenerate and remains functional.