Reproduction In Plants

Step 1: Onion propagation.
प्याज का vegetative propagation बल्ब द्वारा होता है, जिसमें नया पौधा bulb से विकसित होता है।

Step 2: विकल्पों का विश्लेषण.
(A) पत्तियों द्वारा → यह Bryophyllum जैसे पौधों में होता है।
(B) भ्रूण द्वारा → Sexual reproduction से।
(C) बीज द्वारा → प्याज मुख्यतः bulb से propagate होता है।

Step 3: निष्कर्ष.
सही उत्तर है (D) बल्ब द्वारा।

Step 1: Haploid and diploid condition.
आवृतबीजी पौधों के male gametophyte (परागकण) और female gametophyte (भ्रूणकोष) haploid (n) होते हैं।

Step 2: अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण.
(B) 3n → Triploid condition केवल endosperm में पाई जाती है।
(C) 2n → Sporophyte diploid होता है।

Step 3: निष्कर्ष.
सही उत्तर है (A) n।

Self-pollination is a process where pollen from the same plant fertilizes its own ovules. Step 1: Benefits of self-pollination.
1. Preservation of favorable traits.
In self-pollination, the plant ensures the propagation of its favorable genetic traits to the next generation. 2. Increased seed production.
Since the plant does not require a pollinator, it can produce more seeds even in isolated or unfavorable conditions.
Final Answer: 1. Preservation of favorable traits. 2. Increased seed production.

Step 1: Understand the nature of gymnosperm endosperm.
In gymnosperms, the endosperm is formed through a process called free nuclear division, and it remains haploid. This is unlike angiosperms, where the endosperm is triploid.
Step 2: Review the options.
- Haploid is the correct answer, as gymnosperms have haploid endosperm.
- Diploid is not correct as gymnosperms do not form diploid endosperms.
- Triploid is typical in angiosperms, not gymnosperms.
- "None of these" is incorrect as haploid is the right answer.
Step 3: Conclude.
The endosperm in gymnosperms is haploid, making option (A) the correct answer.
Final Answer: