Crops

The question asks us to identify the crop varieties named Gladiator and SuperStar. The options provided are:

• Tuberose
• Rose
• Marigold
• Chrysanthemum

To solve this, we need to match the given crop varieties with their corresponding type of crop. Gladiator and SuperStar are known varieties of the crop Tuberose.

Hence, the correct answer is: Tuberose

The task is to match the crops in List-I with their respective diseases in List-II. Based on agricultural knowledge, we identify the correct associations:

Let's go through the logic for each match:

• Paddy (A): Commonly affected by Tikka (Leaf spot), makes (III) the right match.
• Cotton (B): Susceptible to Loose smut, correctly associating it with (II).
• Groundnut (C): Known to experience Red rot, making the connection to (I).
• Gram (D): Frequently afflicted by Rust, leading to the match with (IV).

Based on the associations, the correct matching pattern is: (A) - (III), (B) - (II), (C) - (I), (D) - (IV).

The question asks which crop requires relatively wider line-to-line and plant-to-plant spacing. To understand this, we need to consider the growth characteristics and space requirements of each crop mentioned:

• Maize: Typically requires moderate spacing due to its upright growth habit, allowing light penetration and air flow.
• Chickpea: As a legume, it generally requires closer plant spacing to maximize the yield per area.
• Cabbage: Requires moderate spacing, as the heads need room to form and the plants need air circulation to prevent diseases.
• Sugarcane: Known for needing wide plant spacing. This crop grows tall and dense with a robust root system, requiring significant space for optimal development and to facilitate intercultural operations such as weed control and soil tillage.

Given these characteristics, Sugarcane is the correct answer as it demands wider spacing compared to the other crops to accommodate its growth habit and intercultural activities.

In the context of agricultural crops, identifying which crop is not a legume requires understanding what legumes are. Legumes are plants whose seeds are enclosed in a pod. They have a symbiotic relationship with bacteria to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere, enriching soil fertility. Common examples include beans, lentils, and peanuts (groundnut).

Let's analyze the options:

• Beans: A classic legume crop, well-known for its protein-rich seeds.
• Soybean: Another legume, extensively cultivated for oil and protein.
• Groundnut: Also known as peanut, a leguminous plant grown for oil and protein.
• Rapeseed mustard: Though an important oilseed crop, it does not belong to the legume family. It falls under the category of cruciferous vegetables.

From this analysis, the crop that is NOT a legume is Rapeseed mustard.

The correct answer is (D) Alternaria blight.

Let's break down each option:

(A) White rust: This is a disease caused by a fungal pathogen, Albugo candida, which affects the rapeseed-mustard crops. Although it's a disease and not a pest, it is a common issue for these crops.

(B) Stalk borer: This is a pest that attacks the stems of rapeseed and mustard plants. The larvae feed on the stems and cause significant damage.

(C) Aphids: These are pests that suck sap from the plants, weakening them and making them more susceptible to diseases. Aphids are common pests of rapeseed and mustard crops.

(D) Alternaria blight: This is a fungal disease caused by the Alternaria fungus, which affects rapeseed-mustard crops. However, it is not a pest; rather, it is a disease that affects the plant’s leaves, stems, and pods.

Thus, Alternaria blight (option D) is a disease, not a pest, and is the correct answer.