Vitamins

Step 1: Understanding rickets.
Rickets is a childhood bone disorder where bones soften and weaken due to impaired mineralization of growing bones. It commonly leads to bowed legs and skeletal deformities.

Step 2: Role of Vitamin D.
Vitamin D is essential for calcium and phosphorus absorption from the intestine. Its deficiency reduces bone mineralization, leading to rickets.

Step 3: Eliminating wrong options.
- (1) Vitamin A: Deficiency causes night blindness, not rickets.
- (2) Vitamin B: Deficiency causes beriberi, pellagra, etc., but not rickets.
- (3) Vitamin C: Deficiency causes scurvy, not rickets.
- (4) Vitamin D: Correct, deficiency causes rickets.

Step 4: Conclusion.
Thus, rickets in children are caused by deficiency of Vitamin D.

Final Answer:

Step 1: Understanding ascorbic acid.
Ascorbic acid is Vitamin C, an essential nutrient that acts as an antioxidant and boosts immunity. Fruits like guava, citrus, and amla (Aonla) are rich in Vitamin C.

Step 2: Compare the given fruits.
- Winter guava: Rich in Vitamin C, but not the highest. Contains about 200 mg/100 g. - Acid lime: Citrus fruit, also a good source, around 50 mg/100 g. - Sweet orange: Contains moderate Vitamin C, around 40–60 mg/100 g. - Aonla (Indian gooseberry): Exceptionally rich source, contains 600–900 mg/100 g, the richest among commonly available fruits.

Step 3: Conclusion.
Thus, Aonla is the richest source of ascorbic acid among the given fruits.

Final Answer:

Step 1: Sources of Vitamin A.
Vitamin A is abundant in carotene-rich fruits and vegetables. These include mango, papaya, carrot, spinach, and other leafy vegetables.

Step 2: Analyze each group.
- (A) Mango, carrot, spinach → All are rich in Vitamin A. - (B) Sweet orange, acid lime → Citrus fruits, rich in Vitamin C, not Vitamin A. - (C) Papaya, leafy vegetables → Good sources of Vitamin A. - (D) Aonla, guava → Mainly Vitamin C sources.

Step 3: Conclusion.
Therefore, the richest Vitamin A sources are combinations (A) and (C).

Final Answer: