Computer Networks

The question asks us to identify the type of cable used in a bus topology that connects several devices and has terminators at both ends to prevent signal bounce. Let's explore the options to understand which one fits:

1. Drop Line: A drop line is a connection branching from the main line to a specific device. It doesn't have terminators and isn't the primary cable in a bus topology.
2. Taps: Taps are connection points along the cable where additional devices can be connected. Like drop lines, they do not have terminators.
3. Analog Cable: This term is generally not specific to networking topologies like a bus topology and is less relevant in the context of terminations.
4. Backbone: A backbone is indeed a primary cable in a network topology. In a bus topology, it is a central cable connecting multiple devices. Crucially, the backbone has terminators at both ends to prevent the reflection of signals, or signal bounce, which is essential for proper network operation.

Based on the analysis, the correct answer is Backbone, as it is the cable type that aligns with the description given in the question.

To understand which device translates data for internal network recognition, we must examine the function of each provided option:

• Bridge: Primarily connects and filters traffic between two network segments. It does not perform data format translation.
• Gateway: Operates as a "translator" between networks that use different protocols, handling data format conversion to ensure it is compatible with the destination network.
• Router: Directs data packets based on their IP address but does not modify the data format.
• Modem: Modulates and demodulates signals for Internet connectivity but does not translate data formats for internal networks.

Based on these roles, the Gateway is the correct device, as it provides the necessary translation of data received from one network into a format recognized within another network.

To determine which statements are true regarding computer networks, let's evaluate each of the given statements:

1. Statement (A): Interspace is a software that allows multiple users in a client-server environment to communicate with each other by sending and receiving data of various types.
   This statement is true. Interspace is indeed a software application that enables communication between users in a client-server setup, facilitating the sharing of different types of data.
2. Statement (B): IP address is a unique permanent value associated with a network adapter called a NIC.
   This statement is false. An IP address is a unique identifier for a device on a network, but it is not inherently permanent. It can be dynamically assigned by DHCP or manually configured, and it can change over time, especially in environments that use dynamic IP addressing.
3. Statement (C): A computer network is an interconnection among two or more computers or computing devices to share data and resources.
   This statement is true. The primary function of a computer network is to connect multiple devices to enable data and resource sharing.
4. Statement (D): The term ’Workstation’ refers to the most powerful computer of the network that facilitates sharing of data, software, and hardware resources on the network and has more memory, processing power, and storage than a normal node.
   This statement is misleading. In networking, a workstation generally refers to a client computer on the network, usually more powerful than a standard desktop computer, but not necessarily the central or most powerful computer which is typically the server.

Based on this analysis, the correct statements are (A) and (C). Thus, the correct answer is: (A) and (C) only

In computer network topology, a mesh topology is one where all devices are interconnected. This means that every device in the network requires a direct connection to every other device. If there are n devices in the network, each device needs to be connected to n-1 other devices. Therefore, each device will require n-1 ports to accommodate these connections.

Here are brief descriptions of the topologies given in the options:

• Mesh Topology: Each device is connected to every other device, requiring n(n-1)/2 total cables.
• Bus Topology: All devices share a single communication line.
• Star Topology: Each device is connected to a central hub, not directly to each other.
• Ring Topology: Devices are arranged in a circular format, each connected to two neighbors.

Therefore, in a mesh topology, if there are n devices, each device must have connections to n-1 other devices, which corresponds to the given condition.

In computer networking, various types of addresses are used to identify devices and resources on a network. Here, we analyze the provided information:

The number 140.168.220.200 fits the description of an IP Address. This is confirmed by its representation as four decimal values, each between 0 and 255, compliant with the IPv4 standard. Therefore, the correct classification of 140.168.220.200 is an IP Address.

To correctly match the List-I (Device) with List-II (Use), we need to understand the function of each device:

1. RJ45 Connector: This device is a plug-in device primarily used for connecting LANs, particularly Ethernet. Thus, it matches with (IV).
2. Bridge: A bridge is used to relay frames between two originally separate segments that follow the same protocols. Therefore, it matches with (I).
3. Gateway: This device establishes an intelligent connection between a local area network and external networks with completely different structures. This corresponds to (III).
4. Repeater: It amplifies a signal that is transmitted across the network so that the signal is received the same as it is sent. Thus, it matches with (II).

Matching these, the correct pairs are: (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (II).

The correct answer is: (B) and (C) only.

Let's analyze each statement:

1. (A) It can be changed if a node is removed from one network and connected to another network: This statement is generally false. A MAC address is hardcoded into a network interface controller (NIC) and is typically not changed when a node changes networks. Although there are software methods to spoof a MAC address, it is not commonly changed when moving between networks.
2. (B) Each MAC address is a 12-digit hexadecimal number: This statement is true. A MAC address consists of 6 octets, with each octet represented as a 2-digit hexadecimal number, totaling 12 hexadecimal digits, such as 00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E.
3. (C) It is a unique value associated with a network adapter called NIC: This statement is true. The MAC address is a unique identifier assigned to a network interface controller (NIC) to be used as a network address in communications within a network segment.
4. (D) It is provided by the Internet Service Provider to locate computers connected to the internet: This statement is false. MAC addresses are not provided by Internet Service Providers (ISPs). They are assigned by the device manufacturer. ISPs use IP addresses to locate and manage devices on the internet, not MAC addresses.