Atoms And Nuclei

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The volume of a nucleus is proportional to its mass number (A). .

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The radius of a nucleus is given by , where is a constant. Volume, . Thus, . Given: For , . For , .

Step 3: Final Answer:
The volume of the nucleus with mass number 8 is .

Concept: Ionization energy of hydrogen:

Step 1: Relation.


Step 2: Result.
Maximum wavelength corresponds to minimum energy:

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
A barn is a unit of area used in nuclear physics to express the cross-section of nuclear reactions.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
1 barn is defined as square meters (m ). It is approximately the cross-sectional area of a uranium nucleus. The name "barn" was coined during the Manhattan Project as a colloquialism for "as big as a barn" to describe the relatively large cross-section of certain nuclear reactions.

Step 3: Final Answer:
One barn = .

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The Binding Energy (B.E.) per nucleon represents the average energy required to remove a single nucleon (proton or neutron) from a nucleus. It is a measure of nuclear stability. The total Binding Energy of a nucleus is the energy required to completely disassemble it into its constituent free nucleons.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
The relationship between total Binding Energy, Binding Energy per nucleon, and Mass Number ( ) is straightforward:

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Given values from the problem:
Mass number ( ) = 56
Binding Energy per nucleon ( ) = 8.8 MeV/nucleon
Calculate total B.E.:


Let's calculate:

Step 4: Final Answer:
The total Binding Energy is 492.8 MeV.