Stress And Strain

In the given problem, the force exerted by the ceiling on the chain is equal to the sum of the weights of the body and the chain, which is: Hence, the correct answer is (E).

Young’s modulus and shear modulus are both measures of material elasticity. They describe how a material deforms under stress: - Young's modulus measures the ability of a material to deform elastically (i.e., stretch or compress) when a tensile or compressive force is applied. This is primarily applicable to solids. - Shear modulus measures how a material deforms under shear stress (parallel to the surface), and like Young’s modulus, it is also applicable to solids. Both moduli are applicable to solids, and not gases or liquids, because gases and liquids cannot resist deformation in the same way. Thus, solids are the correct answer.

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
When a solid is heated, it tends to expand. If this expansion is prevented by rigid supports at its ends, internal forces develop to resist the expansion. The force per unit area generated is called thermal stress.

Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
Thermal strain is given by .
According to Hooke's Law, Stress = Young's Modulus ( ) Strain.
Therefore, Thermal Stress ( ) is:


Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Given values:
Length = 1 m (not needed for the stress calculation, but useful to know it's a rod)
Change in temperature, C
Coefficient of linear expansion,
Young's Modulus, N/m
Substitute these values into the formula:

Group the terms for easier calculation:





Step 4: Final Answer:
The thermal stress developed is N/m .