Band Theory Of Solids

Concept: Band gap energy is the energy difference between valence band and conduction band.

Step 1: Recall standard values.

• Silicon
• Germanium

Step 2: Select correct value.

Concept:
• At absolute zero:
• No thermal excitation
• All electrons stay in valence band

Step 1: Band structure
Valence band → fully filled
Conduction band → completely empty Final Conclusion:
Option (B)