Lok Sabha And Rajya Sabha

The Rajya Sabha has special powers in these two areas Authorizing Legislation on the State List (Article 249) It can pass a resolution by a two-thirds majority to empower the Parliament to legislate on a subject in the State List, typically under the control of individual states. This happens if the Rajya Sabha considers it necessary for the national interest. Creation of All-India Services (Article 312) Through a special resolution with a two-thirds majority, the Rajya Sabha can initiate the creation of new All-India Services. These are elite civil service positions serving both the central government and states, promoting national integration and uniformity in governance. Options (a), (c), and (d) are not special powers of the Rajya Sabha Changing state territories or names, amending the President's election procedure and determining their pension and Determining Election Commission functions and the number of commissioners are powers shared by both houses of Parliament.

Statement 1 is incorrect: Under Article 80 of the Constitution, the Rajya Sabha includes representatives from Union Territories. Currently, the Union Territories of Delhi, Puducherry, and Jammu & Kashmir have representation in the Rajya Sabha. Statement 2 is incorrect: Adjudicating election disputes is a judicial function. According to the Representation of the People Act, 1951, the High Court has the jurisdiction to try election petitions. The Election Commission may advise on certain matters, but it does not "adjudicate" or act as a court for these disputes. Statement 3 is incorrect: According to Article 79, the Parliament of the Union consists of the President and the two Houses (Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha). The President is an integral part of Parliament because no bill can become an Act without the President's assent.

**The statement 1 is incorrect.** In India, the winning candidate is the one who receives the highest number of votes, which is also known as the first-past-the-post system. There is no requirement for the winning candidate to secure at least 50% of the votes polled. **The statement 2 is also incorrect.** The Constitution of India does not mandate that the Speaker's post goes to the majority party and the Deputy Speaker's post goes to the Opposition. The Speaker and Deputy Speaker are elected by the members of the Lok Sabha from amongst themselves. Therefore, neither of the statements is correct.

* **Statement 1 is incorrect:** There is no specific information available about which Lok Sabha session the provisions will be implemented. * **Statement 2 is correct:** The reservation will be provided for a period of 15 years. However, it shall continue till such date as determined by a law made by Parliament. * **Statement 3 is also correct:** In the seats reserved for SCs/STs, the Bill sought to provide one-third of the seats to be reserved for women on a rotational basis.