Environmental Science

Lichens are bioindicators of air pollution. They are sensitive to atmospheric pollutants like sulfur dioxide, and their health can indicate the level of pollution in an area.

Ozone is a secondary air pollutant. It is not directly emitted into the air but is formed through chemical reactions in the atmosphere involving primary pollutants like nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds.

Biodiversity is highest in the Tropic zone, particularly in tropical rainforests, due to favorable climatic conditions like consistent rainfall, temperature, and sunlight, which support a wide variety of species.

Lichens are known to be sensitive to air pollution, particularly sulfur dioxide. They are often used as biological indicators of air quality in environments exposed to such pollutants.

Biotic elements refer to living components of the environment.
Plants, animals, and bacteria are all living organisms, whereas soil is non-living,
making it an abiotic component.