Human Health And Disease

Morphine is an potent opioid analgesic used mainly to relieve severe and persistent pain, particularly in terminally ill patients or who have undergone surgery. It also induces feelings of euphoria. It is administered by mouth, injection, or in suppositories. Common side- effects are nausea and vomiting, constipation, and drowsiness. With regular use, tolerance develops and dependence may occur.

Cirrhosis? of the liver is a condition in which the liver slowly deteriorates and is unable to function normally due to chronic or long lasting injury. Scar tissue replaces healthy liver tissue and partially blocks it. In it, the liver responds to injury or death of some of its cells by producing interlacing strands of fibrous tissue which are nodules regenerating cells. The liver becomes tawny and characteristically knobbly (due to the nodules). One of the causes of cirrhosis of liver is consumption of alcohol. Other causes are viral hepatitis, autoimmune diseases and chronic heart failure.

Answer (d) When the cells are infected by virus.