CUET-UG SERIES Sociology
Reading Comprehension
10 previous year questions.
Volume: 10 Ques
Yield: Medium
High-Yield Trend
2
2025 8
2023 Chapter Questions 10 MCQs
01
PYQ 2023
easy
sociology ID: cuet-ug-
Recent years have seen a great focus on making Indian cities global cities. For urban planners and dreamers, Mumbai urgently needs north-south and cast-west connectivity. Towards this, they argue for the need to construct an'express ring freeway' to circle the city 'such that a freeway can be accessed from any point in the city in less than 10 minutes'. 'Quick entry and exit', and 'efficient traffic dispersal are seen as critical to the smooth functioning of the city...
For the less privileged the streets have a different role to play. They are more than freeways of connectivity. Streets. for good or bad. all too often become effectively bazaars, and meals combining the different purposes of pilgrimage, recreation (transporation) and economic exchange. As people blur the boundaries between publick and private space by living on the street. buying and sellign, eating, drinking tea, playing cricekt or even just standing, urban planners point to how these activities impeded traffic and cause congestion.
In order to decongest, poor poeple are shifted to the outskirts. In the Vision Mumbai document prepared by the private consultancy from McKinsey...mass housing for the poor is being planned in the salt pan lands outside the city. What happens to their livelihood? The long quote below captures the voice of the poor.
"We are in fact human earthmovers and tractors. We levelled the land first. We have contributed to the city. We carry your shit out of the city. I don't see citizens' groups dredging sewers and digging roads. The city is not for the rich only. We need each other. I don't beg. I wash your clothes. Women can go to work because we are there to look after their children. The staff in Mantralary, the collectorate, the BMC, even the police live in slums. Because we are there, women can walk safely at night...Groups such as Bombay First talk about Mumbai a world class city. How can it be a world-class city without a place for its poor? (Anand 2006: 3422)
For the less privileged the streets have a different role to play. They are more than freeways of connectivity. Streets. for good or bad. all too often become effectively bazaars, and meals combining the different purposes of pilgrimage, recreation (transporation) and economic exchange. As people blur the boundaries between publick and private space by living on the street. buying and sellign, eating, drinking tea, playing cricekt or even just standing, urban planners point to how these activities impeded traffic and cause congestion.
In order to decongest, poor poeple are shifted to the outskirts. In the Vision Mumbai document prepared by the private consultancy from McKinsey...mass housing for the poor is being planned in the salt pan lands outside the city. What happens to their livelihood? The long quote below captures the voice of the poor.
"We are in fact human earthmovers and tractors. We levelled the land first. We have contributed to the city. We carry your shit out of the city. I don't see citizens' groups dredging sewers and digging roads. The city is not for the rich only. We need each other. I don't beg. I wash your clothes. Women can go to work because we are there to look after their children. The staff in Mantralary, the collectorate, the BMC, even the police live in slums. Because we are there, women can walk safely at night...Groups such as Bombay First talk about Mumbai a world class city. How can it be a world-class city without a place for its poor? (Anand 2006: 3422)
02
PYQ 2023
easy
sociology ID: cuet-ug-
Many of the great works of socialogy were written at a time when industrialisation was new and machinery was assuming great importance. Thinkers like Karl Marx, Max Weber and Emile Durkheim associated a number of social features with industry, such as urbanisation, the loss of face-to-face relationships that were found in rural areas where people worked on their own farms or for a landlord they knew, and their substitution by anonymous professional relationships immodern factories and workplace. Industrialisation involve a detailed division of labour. People often do not see the end result of their work because they are producing only one small part of a product. The work is often repetitive and exhausting. Yet, even this is better than having no work at all, i.e, being unemployed. Marx called this situation alienation, when people do not enjoy work, and see it as something they have to do only in order to survive, and even that survival depends on whether the technology has room for any human labour.
03
PYQ 2023
easy
sociology ID: cuet-ug-
Read the passage and answer the following questions:
These are indicators of the process of globalisation of agriculture, or the incorporation of agriculture into the larger global market a process that has had direct effects on farmers and rural society. For instance, in some regions such as Punjab and Karnataka, farmers enter into contracts with multinational companies (such as PepsiCo) to grow certain crops (such as tomatoes and potatoes), which the companies then buy from them for processing or export. In such 'contract farming' systems, the company identifies the crops to be grown, provides the seeds and other inputs, as well as the knowhow and often also the working capital. In return, the farmer is assured of a market because the company guarantees that it will purchase the produce at a predetermined fixed price. Contract farming is very common now in the production of specialised items such as cut flowers, fruits such as grapes, figs and pomegranates, cotton and oil seeds. While contract farming appears to provide financial security to farmers, it can also lead to greater insecurity as farmers become dependent on these companies for their livelihoods. Contract farming of export-oriented products such as flowers and gherkins also means that agricultural land is diverted from food grain production. Contract farming has sociological significance in that it disengages many people from the production process and makes their own indigenous knowledge of agriculture irrelevant. In addition, contract farming caters primarily to the production of elite items, and because it usually requires high doses of fertilisers and pesticides, it is often not ecologically sustainable.
These are indicators of the process of globalisation of agriculture, or the incorporation of agriculture into the larger global market a process that has had direct effects on farmers and rural society. For instance, in some regions such as Punjab and Karnataka, farmers enter into contracts with multinational companies (such as PepsiCo) to grow certain crops (such as tomatoes and potatoes), which the companies then buy from them for processing or export. In such 'contract farming' systems, the company identifies the crops to be grown, provides the seeds and other inputs, as well as the knowhow and often also the working capital. In return, the farmer is assured of a market because the company guarantees that it will purchase the produce at a predetermined fixed price. Contract farming is very common now in the production of specialised items such as cut flowers, fruits such as grapes, figs and pomegranates, cotton and oil seeds. While contract farming appears to provide financial security to farmers, it can also lead to greater insecurity as farmers become dependent on these companies for their livelihoods. Contract farming of export-oriented products such as flowers and gherkins also means that agricultural land is diverted from food grain production. Contract farming has sociological significance in that it disengages many people from the production process and makes their own indigenous knowledge of agriculture irrelevant. In addition, contract farming caters primarily to the production of elite items, and because it usually requires high doses of fertilisers and pesticides, it is often not ecologically sustainable.
04
PYQ 2023
easy
sociology ID: cuet-ug-
Clamoring to enter India's red hot sector, the world's largest chains, including Walmart stores, Carrefour and Tesco, are seeking the best way to enter the Country, despite a government ban on foreign direct investment in the market. Recent large investment by major India. business, like Reliance industries and Bharat Airtel, have increased the since of urgency for foreign retailers β¦..Last week Bharat Airtel indicated that it was in talk with Wall-mart, carrefour and Tesco to set up a joint Ventureβ¦.India's retails sector is attractive
Not only because of its fast growth, but because family-run store corner store have 97% of the nation's business. But this industry trait is precisely why the government make it hard for gardeners to enter the market. Politician frequently argue that global retailers would destroy thousands of small local players and fledgling domestic chains.
Not only because of its fast growth, but because family-run store corner store have 97% of the nation's business. But this industry trait is precisely why the government make it hard for gardeners to enter the market. Politician frequently argue that global retailers would destroy thousands of small local players and fledgling domestic chains.
05
PYQ 2023
easy
sociology ID: cuet-ug-
Read the following passage and answer the questions based on the concept
Considered from an, urban point of view. the rapid growth urbanisation shows that the town of city has been acting as a magnet for the rural population. Those who cannot find work(or sufficient work) in the rural areas go to the city in search of work. this flow of rural-to-urban migration has also been accelerated by the continuous enabled poor people to survive in the Villages although they owned little or no land. Now, these recourses have been turned into private property, or they are exhausted, (Ponds may run dry no longer provide enough fish; forest may have been cut down and have vanishedβ¦.). If people no longer have access to these resources, but on the other hand to buy many things in the market that they used to get free(like fuel, fodder or supplementary food items). Then their hardship increases. This hardship increases. This hardship is worsened by the fact that opportunities for cash income are limited in the villages.
Considered from an, urban point of view. the rapid growth urbanisation shows that the town of city has been acting as a magnet for the rural population. Those who cannot find work(or sufficient work) in the rural areas go to the city in search of work. this flow of rural-to-urban migration has also been accelerated by the continuous enabled poor people to survive in the Villages although they owned little or no land. Now, these recourses have been turned into private property, or they are exhausted, (Ponds may run dry no longer provide enough fish; forest may have been cut down and have vanishedβ¦.). If people no longer have access to these resources, but on the other hand to buy many things in the market that they used to get free(like fuel, fodder or supplementary food items). Then their hardship increases. This hardship increases. This hardship is worsened by the fact that opportunities for cash income are limited in the villages.
06
PYQ 2023
easy
sociology ID: cuet-ug-
Read the passage and answer the questions:
Regionalism in India is rooted in India's diversity of languages, cultures, tribes and religions. It is also encouraged by the geographical concentration of these identity workers in particular regions and fuelled by a sense of regional deprivation. Indian federalism has been a means of accommodating these regional sentiments.
After independence, initially the Indian state continued with the British-Indian arrangement, dividing India into large provinces, also called Presidencies'. These were large multi-ethnic and multilingual provincial states constituting the major political-administrative units of a semi-federal state called the Union of India. Languages coupled with regional and tribal identity and not religion has therefore provided the most powerful instrument for the formation of ethno-rational identity in India.
Regionalism in India is rooted in India's diversity of languages, cultures, tribes and religions. It is also encouraged by the geographical concentration of these identity workers in particular regions and fuelled by a sense of regional deprivation. Indian federalism has been a means of accommodating these regional sentiments.
After independence, initially the Indian state continued with the British-Indian arrangement, dividing India into large provinces, also called Presidencies'. These were large multi-ethnic and multilingual provincial states constituting the major political-administrative units of a semi-federal state called the Union of India. Languages coupled with regional and tribal identity and not religion has therefore provided the most powerful instrument for the formation of ethno-rational identity in India.
07
PYQ 2023
easy
sociology ID: cuet-ug-
Read the passage and answer the following question:
Globalization involves a stretching of social and economic relationships throughout the world. This becomes possible through the introduction of certain policies. This process is broadly known as liberalisation in India. Liberalisation technically involves steady removal of rules that regulated trade and finance regulations. Once these are done, it constitutes economic reforms. Besides these liberalisation as a process also involves taking loans from international institutions such as International Monetary Fund (IMF). It is important to mention that certain conditions are imposed before loans are sanctioned to a country, which there by leads to introduction of new economic measures. These conditions constitutes the Structural Adjustments. These adjustments usually mean cuts in state expenditure on social sector.
Globalization involves a stretching of social and economic relationships throughout the world. This becomes possible through the introduction of certain policies. This process is broadly known as liberalisation in India. Liberalisation technically involves steady removal of rules that regulated trade and finance regulations. Once these are done, it constitutes economic reforms. Besides these liberalisation as a process also involves taking loans from international institutions such as International Monetary Fund (IMF). It is important to mention that certain conditions are imposed before loans are sanctioned to a country, which there by leads to introduction of new economic measures. These conditions constitutes the Structural Adjustments. These adjustments usually mean cuts in state expenditure on social sector.
08
PYQ 2023
easy
sociology ID: cuet-ug-
Read the passage and answer the following question:
The scope of sociological study is extremely wide. It can focus its analysis of interactions between individuals such as that of shopkeeper with a customer, between teachers and students, between two friends or family members. It can likewise focus on national issues such as unemployment or caste conflict or the effect of state policies on forest rights of the tribal population or rural indeptedness. Or examine global social processes such as: the impact of new flexible labour regulations on the working class; or that of the electronic media on the young; or the entry of foreign universities on the education system of country. What defines the discipline of sociology is therefore not just what is studies (i.e. family or trade unions or villages) but how it studies a chosen field.
The scope of sociological study is extremely wide. It can focus its analysis of interactions between individuals such as that of shopkeeper with a customer, between teachers and students, between two friends or family members. It can likewise focus on national issues such as unemployment or caste conflict or the effect of state policies on forest rights of the tribal population or rural indeptedness. Or examine global social processes such as: the impact of new flexible labour regulations on the working class; or that of the electronic media on the young; or the entry of foreign universities on the education system of country. What defines the discipline of sociology is therefore not just what is studies (i.e. family or trade unions or villages) but how it studies a chosen field.
09
PYQ 2025
easy
sociology ID: cuet-ug-
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions based on the passage:
There has been greater recognition that both men and women are constrained by dominant gen der identities. For instance, men in patriarchal societies feel they must be strong and successful. It is not manly, to express oneself emotionally. A gender-just society would allow both men and women to be free. This, of course, rests on the idea that for true freedom to grow and develop, injustices of all kinds have to end. The idea of a gender-just society is based upon two important factors- educated women with multiple roles and improved sex ratio. The programme of the Government of India, Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao Yojana is an important effort in the actualization of a gender-just society.
10
PYQ 2025
easy
sociology ID: cuet-ug-
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions based on the passage:
The Right to Information Act 2005 (Act No. 22/2005) is a law enacted by the Parliament of India giving Indians access to government records. Under the terms of the Act, any person may request information from a βpublic authorityβ (a body of Government or instrumentality of State) which is expected to reply expeditiously or within thirty days. The Act also requires every public authority to computerize their records for wide dissemination and to proactively publish certain categories of information so that the citizens need minimum recourse to request for information formally. This law was passed by Parliament on 15 June 2005 and came into force on 13 October 2005. Information disclosure in India was hitherto restricted by the Official Secrets Act 1923 and various other special laws, which the new RTI Act now overrides. The Act specifies that citizens have a right to:
β’ Request any information (as defined)
β’ Take copies of documents
β’ Inspect documents, works and records
β’ Take certified samples of materials of work.
β’ Obtain information in the form of printouts, diskettes, floppies, tapes, video cassettes or in any other electronic mode.