Step 1: Interstitial Compounds.
Interstitial compounds are compounds formed when small atoms such as hydrogen, carbon, or nitrogen occupy the interstitial spaces between the larger metal atoms in a metal lattice. These compounds are typically hard and have high melting points, as the smaller atoms create strain in the lattice. Step 2: Classification of Alloys.
Alloys can be classified into two main categories:
- Substitutional alloys: The atoms of the alloying element replace the metal atoms in the host structure. Example: Brass (Cu-Zn alloy).
- Interstitial alloys: The atoms of the alloying element occupy the interstitial spaces between the metal atoms. Example: Steel (Fe-C alloy).