Biodiversity And Conservation

The species–area relationship is expressed by the equation: log S = log C + Z log A, where S is the number of species, A is the area, C is a constant, and Z is the slope of the line. This relationship is commonly used in ecology to describe biodiversity patterns.

- Lantana, Parthenium, Eichhornia: All are alien invasive species introduced into India.
- Nile Perch: Introduced in African lakes (like Lake Victoria), not in India.

- Alpha diversity: Species diversity within a particular area or ecosystem.
- Beta diversity: Difference in species composition between ecosystems.
- Gamma diversity: Total species diversity in a landscape — not genetic level.
- Species richness: Number of different species in a given area — correctly matched.