History Of Media Technology

Orson Welles was the script writer and director of the radio play "War of the Worlds," which aired in 1938 and caused widespread panic due to its realistic presentation of a Martian invasion.

The correct order of technologies, starting from the oldest to the latest, is as follows: Print media is the oldest, followed by the advent of radio, television, and then the newer technologies of film and social media.

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question requires matching ancient civilizations with their characteristic forms of public communication, which are precursors to modern advertising and mass media.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's match each civilization from List-I with its corresponding form of advertising/communication from List-II.
- (A) Emperor Ashoka: He is famous for the Edicts of Ashoka, which were public announcements and moral codes inscribed on large stone pillars and rocks across his empire. Thus, (A) matches with (II).
- (B) Harappa and Mohenjodaro: The Indus Valley Civilization is known for its intricate seals with symbols, which were likely used in trade to mark goods, functioning as a form of trademark or sign to identify the origin or quality of crafts. Thus, (B) matches with (I).
- (C) Rome: The Roman Republic introduced 'Acta Diurna' (Daily Acts), which were official notices of public events carved on stone or metal and posted in public forums. They are considered an early prototype of the newspaper. Thus, (C) matches with (IV).
- (D) Egypt: Ancient Egyptians used papyrus as a writing surface and are known to have created sales messages and wall posters to advertise goods and services. Thus, (D) matches with (III).
The correct set of matches is: (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III).
Step 3: Final Answer:
The matching pair (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III) corresponds to option (3).

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question asks to arrange the given web browsers and a web portal (Yahoo) in chronological order based on their initial launch dates.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's determine the launch year for each technological development:
- (B) Yahoo: Founded in January 1994. Although it started as a web directory, it was a major early technological development on the World Wide Web.
- (D) Internet Explorer: Version 1.0 was released in August 1995.
- (C) Mozilla Firefox: First released as "Phoenix" in September 2002, and later renamed to Firefox in 2004.
- (A) Google Chrome: Launched in September 2008.
Arranging them in chronological order:
1. Yahoo (1994)
2. Internet Explorer (1995)
3. Mozilla Firefox (2002/2004)
4. Google Chrome (2008)
The correct sequence is (B), (D), (C), (A).
Step 3: Final Answer:
The chronological order of launch is Yahoo, Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, and Google Chrome. This sequence matches option (2).

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question asks for the year when the printing press was first introduced to India.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The first printing press in India was established by Portuguese Jesuit missionaries in Goa. The press arrived on September 6, 1556. Its primary purpose was to produce religious literature and aid in proselytization. This event marked the beginning of the history of printing in the Indian subcontinent.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The printing press was introduced to India in the year 1556. Therefore, option (C) is the correct answer.

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question asks about the most primitive or earliest forms of human communication, predating complex systems like structured language.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Before the development of structured words and language, early humans relied on non-verbal methods to communicate. This included using their body parts (gestures, posture) and facial expressions. These forms of communication are fundamental and instinctual. Cave paintings, dating back to 30,000 BCE, are among the earliest forms of symbolic communication. Words and language are more evolved and complex systems that developed much later. "Mail" is a modern system for sending written correspondence and is not relevant to early human communication. Therefore, the most basic and earliest method of expressing feelings and experiences was through body parts and expressions.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The most fundamental method of expression for early human beings was non-verbal communication. Therefore, option (D) is the correct answer.