Music Notation

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question asks to identify the meaning of a specific symbol in the Bhatkhande notation system used in Hindustani classical music. The symbol in question is the swara 'Ga' with a horizontal line underneath it.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
In the Bhatkhande system:
- A horizontal line under a swara (\underline{Swar}) indicates that it is a 'Komal' (flat) note. The swaras that can be komal are Re, Ga, Dha, and Ni.
- A vertical line above the swara 'Ma' indicates 'Tivra' (sharp) Ma.
- An arc over a group of swaras indicates a 'Meend' (glissando).
- A smaller note written to the top-left of a main note indicates a 'Kan' (grace note).
Therefore, \underline{Ga} represents Komal Gandhar.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The horizontal line under 'Ga' is the standard notation for Komal Gandhar Swar in the Bhatkhande system.

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question asks for the specific symbol used to denote 'Khali' (the unstressed beat, indicated by a wave of the hand) in the notation system developed by Pt. Vishnu Digambar Paluskar.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
There are two main notation systems for Hindustani music tala:
- Bhatkhande System: Uses 'x' for Sam (the first beat) and '0' for Khali.
- Paluskar System: Uses '1' for Sam and '+' for Khali.
Therefore, in the Paluskar system, the symbol for Khali is the plus sign (+).
Step 3: Final Answer:
The symbol '+' is used for Khali in the Paluskar tala notation system.