Photoelectric Effect

Step 1: Concept
Total power . Number of photons .
Step 2: Calculation
.
.
photons/sec.
Step 3: Analysis
Photoelectrons = .
Step 4: Conclusion
Hence, the number of photoelectrons emitted is . Final Answer:(A)

The correct answer is (A): intensity of incident radiation

The correct answer is (C): Photoelectric effect

According to the photoelectric effect, the stopping potential is related to the intensity of the incident radiation by the equation: At constant frequency, increasing intensity does not increase the energy per photon but increases the number of photons striking the surface, which in turn increases the number of electrons ejected. However, after a certain intensity threshold, increasing intensity does not change the stopping potential significantly, causing the curve to level off. This is why the correct curve is an initial sharp increase followed by leveling off.

A - The photoelectric current depends on the intensity of the incident radiation because higher intensity means more photons striking the surface, resulting in more electrons being ejected.
B - The stopping potential is indeed related to the maximum kinetic energy of emitted electrons, but it is independent of intensity, depending only on the frequency of the incident radiation.
C - Photoelectric emission happens due to the absorption of a photon by an electron, which is correct.
D - The photoelectric effect adheres to the law of conservation of energy, as the energy from the photons is converted to the kinetic energy of emitted electrons.

Step 1: Use photoelectric equation: Step 2: Find work function using 400 nm and stopping potential 2 V. Convert 400 nm to meters: Step 3: Use new wavelength 300 nm to find new stopping potential. Convert 300 nm to meters:

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
When capacitors are connected in series, they are connected end-to-end, forming a single path for the charge to flow.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
When a battery is connected across a series combination of capacitors, the battery supplies a charge +Q to the first plate of the first capacitor. This induces a charge -Q on the second plate of the first capacitor. The positive charge +Q from this second plate is repelled and flows to the first plate of the second capacitor. This process continues down the line. As a result, the charge that accumulates on each capacitor plate has the same magnitude, Q. This occurs because charge is conserved, and there is only one path for the charge to flow. This principle holds true regardless of the individual capacitance values of the capacitors in the series. The voltage across each capacitor will be different (unless they have the same capacitance), but the charge on each is the same.

Step 4: Final Answer:
In a series combination, each capacitor has an equal charge for any value of its capacitance.