Primary Activities

Step 1: Understanding Kolkhoz.
The term "Kolkhoz" originates from the Russian word “Kollectivnoye Khozyaystvo,” meaning collective farm. It refers to a type of agricultural cooperative that existed in the former Soviet Union.
Step 2: Explanation.
In a Kolkhoz, land and resources were collectively owned by the community, and members worked together to produce agricultural goods. The profits were distributed among the workers based on their contribution and the total yield.
Step 3: Analyzing the options.
(A) Collective farming: Correct. Kolkhoz represents collective farming, where people jointly own and manage the land.
(B) Mixed farming: Incorrect. Mixed farming involves growing crops and rearing livestock on the same farm, not collective ownership.
(C) Monoculture: Incorrect. Monoculture refers to the cultivation of a single crop type over a large area.
(D) None of these: Incorrect. Kolkhoz is clearly a form of collective farming.
Step 4: Conclusion.
Thus, Kolkhoz is an example of collective farming.