Hybridization

The change in entropy (

%5CDelta%20S

) at constant pressure is given by:

%5CDelta%20S%20%3D%20n%20C_p%20%5Cln%20%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7BT_2%7D%7BT_1%7D%20%5Cright)

Where: -

n%20%3D%203

mol -

C_p%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B5%7D%7B2%7DR%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B5%7D%7B2%7D%20%5Ctimes%208.314%20%5C%2C%20%5Ctext%7BJ%2Fmol%C2%B7K%7D

T_1%20%3D%20300%20%5C%2C%20%5Ctext%7BK%7D

T_2%20%3D%20600%20%5C%2C%20%5Ctext%7BK%7D

%5CDelta%20S%20%3D%203%20%5Ctimes%20%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7B5%7D%7B2%7D%20%5Ctimes%208.314%20%5Cright)%20%5Ctimes%20%5Cln%20%5Cleft(%20%5Cfrac%7B600%7D%7B300%7D%20%5Cright)

%5CDelta%20S%20%3D%203%20%5Ctimes%2020.785%20%5Ctimes%20%5Cln%202

%5CDelta%20S%20%5Capprox%2048.22%20%5C%2C%20%5Ctext%7BJ%2FK%7D

Final Answer:

%5Cboxed%7B48.22%20%5C%2C%20%5Ctext%7BJ%2FK%7D%7D

The entropy change due to a change in the number of available states is given by:

S%20%3D%20k_B%20%5Cln%20W

For two possible arrangements (CO and OC), the thermodynamic probability

W

is:

W%20%3D%202%20%5Ctext%7B(since%20there%20are%20two%20arrangements)%7D

Thus, the entropy is:

S%20%3D%20k_B%20%5Cln%202

Where

k_B%20%3D%201.38%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-23%7D%20%5C%2C%20%5Ctext%7BJ%2FK%7D

is Boltzmann's constant. For 1 mol of CO:

S%20%3D%201.38%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-23%7D%20%5Ctimes%20%5Cln%202%20%5Ctimes%20N_A

Where

N_A%20%3D%206.022%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B23%7D

(Avogadro's number).

S%20%5Capprox%205.76%20%5C%2C%20%5Ctext%7BJ%20K%7D%5E%7B-1%7D%20%5C%2C%20%5Ctext%7Bmol%7D%5E%7B-1%7D

Final Answer:

%5Cboxed%7B5.76%20%5C%2C%20%5Ctext%7BJ%20K%7D%5E%7B-1%7D%20%5C%2C%20%5Ctext%7Bmol%7D%5E%7B-1%7D%7D

Chapter Questions
2 MCQs