Cell Biology

To determine which of the following pairs of organisms and their respective cell wall degrading enzyme is incorrectly matched, we need to understand the role of these enzymes and the composition of the organism's cell walls:

1. Fungi – Chitinase: The cell wall of fungi is primarily composed of chitin. Chitinase is an enzyme that breaks down chitin, so this pair is correctly matched.
2. Algae – Methylase: Algae have cell walls composed of cellulose, pectin, and other compounds, but not methyl groups requiring Methylase for degradation. Thus, this pair is incorrectly matched.
3. Plant cells – Cellulase: The cell walls of plant cells contain cellulose. Cellulase is an enzyme that breaks down cellulose, so this pair is correctly matched.
4. Bacteria – Lysozyme: The cell wall of most bacteria contains peptidoglycan. Lysozyme is an enzyme that breaks down peptidoglycan, so this pair is correctly matched.

Therefore, the pair that is not correctly matched is: Algae – Methylase

To solve the problem, we need to identify the organelle in a cell that is responsible for making proteins.

1. Understanding Cell Organelles:

Cells have various organelles, each with specific functions:

• Ribosome: The site where proteins are made by joining amino acids together.
• Lysosome: Contains enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.
• Golgi Apparatus: Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport.
• Peroxisome: Breaks down fatty acids and detoxifies harmful substances.

2. Role of Ribosomes in Protein Synthesis:

- Ribosomes read the genetic instructions from messenger RNA (mRNA).
- They link amino acids in the correct order to form proteins.
- Ribosomes can be found floating freely in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (forming rough ER).

Final Answer:

The organelle involved in the synthesis of proteins is the ribosome.