Biological Classification

The correct answer is A:viruses that infect bacteria
They are bacterial viruses that infects and replicate in the bacteria. They have a genetic material of both DNA and RNA. They have the structure
of capsid, tail, base plates etc. They have two groups, lytic and lysogenic. In the lytic phase, the bacteriophage infect a bacterial cell, where they
replicate rapidly and then cause the host cell to burst.

Bacteria are prokaryotes. In five kingdom system of classification of R H Whittaker, all prokaryotes are included in kingdom- Monera.

Lichen is actually a form of symbiotic relationship between an alga and a fungus. The photosynthetic partner is generally the green algae or cynobacteria. The mycobiont (a fungus partner) produces a thallus which houses the phycobiont (an alga).

Answer (d) Algae and fungi

Classification which is based on evolutionary relationship and genetic relationship among various organisms is known as phylogenetic system of classification. Classification of Engler and Prantal, John Hutchinson, Takhtajan are phylogenetic systems.